tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-2599323823621490502023-07-17T21:54:50.493-07:00Lined paper for learning to writePhttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.comBlogger130125tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-22658734454609052522020-08-28T01:41:00.001-07:002020-08-28T01:41:05.979-07:00Brzonkala Vs Crawford Morrison Free EssaysThe case is between a first year recruit in Virginia Polytechnic Institute, Christy Brzonkala, and the separate Institute just as two individuals from the football crew; Antonio Morrison and James Crawford. The case reference is 132 F.3d 949 (fourth Cir. We will compose a custom exposition test on Brzonkala Vs Crawford Morrison or then again any comparative subject just for you Request Now 1997). This implies it was held in 1997 June and an official conclusion was made on 23rd December 1997 (Leagle Incoporations, 2017). The occasions which happened in 1994 are credited to the case introduction. The offended party Christy Brzonkala blamed two individuals for Virginia Institute football crew Antonio Morrison and James Crawford of assault. As per a top to bottom case document in Justia, Christy claims that the two speculates assaulted her upon their gathering during a night. Christy was in the organization of her female companion. Morrison is additionally professed to have assaulted Christy when they were disregarded in Christyââ¬â¢s room in spite of her disapproving of his solicitation of having fornication with her. The two footballers over and over assaulted her without the utilization of assurance. Another allegation falls on the establishment with the offended party guaranteeing no move was made when she detailed the issue to the position. Preceding that, the assault had influenced Christyââ¬â¢s conduct to the point she was recommended antidepressants meds and she dropped out of school because of the injury she got. The attackers she guarantees likewise undermined her. Out of the two attackers, just one; Morrison was seen as liable after affirmation from his companion Crawford. Crawford was not charged. Issues The accompanying issue can be connected to the case: Regardless of whether it was reasonable for advise Christy later on not including past declarations in her announcement during the subsequent hearing. Regardless of whether the school was inclining toward one side to ensure its name; permitting Morrison access to first hearing tape yet denying Christy get to. Regardless of whether it is genuine Virginia Techââ¬â¢s decision of giving basic discipline was disregarding title IX of 1972 and the assault event damaged Title III; brutality against ladies act. Which legitimate advances would be taken on the antagonistic condition guarantee which was given under Title IX? Did the plaintiffââ¬â¢s grumbling satisfy the lawful guidelines as expressed in Title IX? The offended party needed to demonstrate four focuses under both Title VII and Title IX. For Title VII, Christy needed to demonstrate she was irritated and she was against it, the provocation circumstance affected her condition and she had motivation to blame the school. For Title IX, Christy needed to demonstrate she is a piece of a secured gathering and she confronted badgering, the premise of the attackers depended on her sex and the event had an effect on her school condition. Administering The main decision was that of the District court which passed over Christyââ¬â¢s case on the premise that there was no position to order the sacred area 13981 by the Congress. A similar choice was later made by the court of offer. After a few contemplations, the choice of the court of offer was attested dependent on the hypothesis which identified with the alteration of weapon free zone act which expected individuals to go without having a firearm 1000 meters around any school. The reasons likewise point at the government framework setting which required equity of Christy to be passed by the Commonwealth of Virginia (Jerome, 1996). The other motivation behind why Virginia Tech was exonerated and Christyââ¬â¢s case excused is on the grounds that the organization is said not to have offered any comments or acted in a manner which showed victimization Christy as a female. As indicated by the Justia case recording, the school didn't know about Christyââ¬â¢s situation until the main hearing and under Seamons 84.f3d at 1232 continuing, a business is just at risk on the off chance that he/she knew about the quandary of the attacked individual (Legal Information Institute, 2000). The persuading thinking regarding the foundation is that the majority of the assault casualties don't report an attack and when some come out to talk, they do as such by squeezing charges against the attacker and not the school. Morrison is likewise found to have come back to class for different semesters in spite of the allegations and prior suspension by the schoolââ¬â¢s senior member. The area court in their excusal of the case expressed that Morrisonââ¬â¢s suspension was over the top (Jerome, 1996). Section two Q1: Why the thinking of specific gatherings is increasingly convincing. The minority, for this situation, I see it as Christy Brzonkala who is the offended party in the issue. I would bolster the Congress on the area courtââ¬â¢s excusal of Christyââ¬â¢s case. Utilizing congressional power reason to excuse an assault case is unlawful. The realities introduced under the steady gaze of the court express that the aggressors; Crawford and Morrison assaulted Brzonkala threefold before offering contemptuous comments like ââ¬ËI trust you donââ¬â¢t have diseasesââ¬â¢. The comments were belittling as well as a reason for misery for the offended party. As indicated by the four focuses referenced above, Christy demonstrated three of each point impeccably for the court to excuse her case twice. Brzonkala is claimed to have said no twice before Morrison went down on her, unrobed her and nailed her down assaulting her. His companion Crawford returned and assaulted her before Morrison did it for the subsequent time. After the assault, Morrison is later heard offering comments on engaging in sexual relations with young ladies without their assent. These two realities demonstrate the point that Christy had to engage in sexual relations, she is a piece of a secured gathering and the two denounced men did it because of sex predisposition since there are no different focuses as expressed for the situation procedures of Justia. Different focuses incorporate the goal for burglary, physical maltreatment, and incitement (Legal Information Institute, 2000). Hence, the court ought not have excused the case dependent on an absence of capacity to practice judgment. The larger part which for this situation I term as the Institute in which Brzonkala was a first year recruit at had a case to argue. The primary certainty they gave goes as indicated by Seamons procedures which says managers who have no information on an ambush, truth be told, have no mix-up. Simultaneously, businesses can't be accused for an offense which was done to a representative by their kindred workers. Notwithstanding, this reality goes occupies from Brzonkala grumbling which depended on separation and absence of activity by the Institute when the issue was presented. In any case, Brzonkala didn't give proof of segregation and absence of exceptional regard for her downturn separated from the disappointment of the school attendant to see her injury and report the case. Subsequently, excusal of the Brzonkala body of evidence against Virginia Polytechnic Institute is defended. Question 2 The court choice on excusing Brzonkalaââ¬â¢s case will negatively affect different casualties who might not have shouted out about male sex guilty parties. The purpose for this is to what extent the case and offers took for a ultimate conclusion to be made. The realities gave were sufficient to involve the aggressor; Morrison. Be that as it may, the court chose to put together their decision with respect to congress illegality and the nonattendance of enough capacity to institute the law on Violence Against Women Act (VAWA) (Jerome, 1996). The court deciding for Virginia Polytechnic Institute arrives in when workers ambush one another and the fault is set on the organization or the business. Tuning in and settling on choices dependent on the law and proof supported the business section. Be that as it may, a similar decision blocked hopeful offended parties to hold their instances of attack against their establishment or business. References List of sources Jerome, R. (1996, March 11). No Justice, No Peace. Recovered September 29, 2018, from The individuals Magazine : https://people.com/file/no-equity no-harmony vol-45-no-10/ Leagle Incoporations . (2017). BRZONKALA v. MORRISON . Recovered September 26, 2018, from Leagle Incoporations site : https://www.leagle.com/choice/2001960272f3d6881882 Lawful Information Institute . (2000, May 15). US v. MORRISON (99-5). Recovered September 29, 2018, from Cornell University Law School : https://www.law.cornell.edu/supct/html/99-5.ZO.html Instructions to refer to Brzonkala Vs Crawford Morrison, Papers Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-16035785805601188622020-08-22T13:55:00.001-07:002020-08-22T13:55:30.719-07:00Spanish Idioms of the Form Tener NounSpanish Idioms of the Form Tener Noun In Spanish, you can have everything. That is on the grounds that tener, the action word significance to have in the feeling of to have (haber is what could be compared to the English assistant action word to have) is much of the time utilized in figures of speech to allude to a wide scope of feelings and different conditions. While we may state in English that you are ravenous or an individual is parched, in Spanish we state what could be compared to you have yearning or somebody has thirst. In this way tienes hambre implies you are ravenous and tiene sed implies he/she is parched. Tener Phrases Often Preferred to Adjectives The vast majority of the tener thing figures of speech arent difficult to learn, as they for the most part bode well as long as you comprehend what the thing part of the expression implies. What can be testing is realizing when their utilization is liked. For instance, you might know that there is a descriptive word, hambriento, that implies hungry. However, youre improbable to hear a sentence, for example, estoy hambriento (similarly as you arent prone to hear a local English speaker state, I have hunger, despite the fact that the sentence would be comprehended and syntactically right). For the most part, the tener thing figures of speech are interpreted utilizing the English action word to be trailed by a descriptor. Following are probably the most widely recognized such employments of tener. tener cabeza (para), to have a psyche (for): Tu hermana tiene cabeza para los negocios. (Your sister has a brain for business.)tener calor, to be hot: Siempre tienes calor. (Youre consistently hot.)tener cariã ±o, to be affectionate: Pablo tiene cariã ±o a Marã a. (Paul is partial to Mary.)tener celos, to be desirous: Tengo celos a mi hermana. (Im desirous of my sister.)tener claro, all things considered or sure:à Tenemos claro que podemos ayudar a mejorar nuestra sociedad. (Were certain that we can help improve our society.)â tener complejos, to be intellectually insecure:à Tengo complejos con mi estilo de vida real. (Im shaky about my current lifestyle.)tener cuidado, to be cautious: Espero que tengas cuidado con el libro. (I trust youre cautious with the book.)tener la culpa, to be blameworthy or to blame: Mi padre dijo que tengo la culpa. (My dad said its my fault.)tener derecho, to have the right: Tengo derecho de votar. (I reserve the option to vote.)tener efecto, to hav e an impact: La hipnosis tiene efecto en el cerebro. (Trance doesn't affect the brainl) tener à ©xito, to be fruitful: El jefe tiene un gran à ©xito. (The manager is very successful.)tener frã o, to be cold: Hace viento. Tengo frã o. (Its breezy. Im cold.)tener ganas de infinitive, to be in the temperament for, to want to accomplish something: Tengo ganas de comer una hamburguesa. (I want to eat a hamburger.)tener hambre, to be ravenous: No ha comido. Tiene hambre. (He hasnt eaten. Hes hungry.)tener ilusiã ³n, to be excited: Tiene ilusiã ³n por viajar a California. (Hes eager about going to California.)tener miedo a thing, to fear: Mi hermana tiene miedo a los serpientes. (My sister fears snakes.)tener miedo de infinitive, to fear: Tiene miedo de nadar. (Hes terrified of swimming.)tener prisa, to be in a rush: Tengo prisa. El teatro comienza a las ocho. (Im in a rush. The play starts at 8.)tener razã ³n, to be correct: El cliente siempre tiene razã ³n. (The client is consistently right.)tener sed, to be parched: He trabajado mucho. Tengo sed. (Ive worked a gre at deal. Im parched.) tener sueã ±o, to be drained or tired: No has dormido. Tendrs sueã ±o. (You havent rested. You should be tired.)tener suerte, to be fortunate: Mi hijo ganã ³ la loterã a. Tiene mucha suerte. (My child won the lottery. Hes very lucky.)tener vergã ¼enza, to be embarrassed: Matã © a mi amigo. Tengo mucha vergã ¼enza. (I executed my companion. Im so embarrassed.) Since tener is utilized so frequently to demonstrate mental states, it very well may be utilized without anyone else to ask somebody how the individual is getting along, particularly in the event that you speculate something isn't right: à ¿Quà © tienes? Whats up with you? Note that the descriptor mucho or mucha can be utilized with the thing bit of the saying to show degree as is communicated by very in English: Tengo sed, Im parched. Tengo mucha sed, Im parched. Note additionally that tener is unpredictable in its conjugation. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-86552680810428324842020-08-21T11:37:00.001-07:002020-08-21T11:37:23.480-07:00On The Universality Of Poetry Essays - Chapbooks,On the Universality of Poetry Like any work of art, verse is viewed as all inclusive. It positions with music, move, and expressive arts as a structure or procedure of communicating Man's contemplations and interests. Not at all like other fine arts, in any case, verse - and in actuality writing - has an impossible to miss trademark. As a medium it utilizes language, and not at all like different mediums - like rocks, paints, beat - language isn't general, it is social. Since culture fluctuates as indicated by topography, time, religion, and sexual orientation - it is without question that there are large numbers of various dialects. Along these lines verse gets social or non-all inclusive in structure, a trademark that limits the creation and gathering of verse to individuals that comprehend the form(language, imagery, saying and so on and so forth) that verse use - a generally little class of individuals. Some time prior, our English class read T.S. Elliot's The Love Song of Alfred J. Prufrock, a long sonnet as a speech on whether the persona ought to or ought not move toward a lady he cherishes, eat a peach, or part his hair. Studies proclaimed it as the advanced Hamlet - an impression of the cognizance of the Modern Man. They shouted that the sonnet is a brief depiction of disdain belief systems and methods of reasoning. With a great deal of trouble and direction, we comprehended and even valued the sonnet, basically on the grounds that we know about the language that Elliot utilized. Be that as it may, would a rancher or simply adjoin any individual new to the subtleties of verse comprehend o value it? Possibly, yet the most plausible situation is that they would comprehend the significant purposes of the sonnet, yet t not perceive little subtleties that make the sonnet extraordinary - the way that it contains extracts from significant English scholars and that the pictures in the sonnet echoes its sense. It can likewise be noticed that the suggestions present in Prufrock are Western in root. There are cuts from Chaucer, Donne, Shakespeare and about each other sanctioned English scholars. This strategy of implying the Masters is absent in Prufruck alone. Truth be told, this is pervasive in the artistic works delivered in the previous 400 years. Implication in verse isn't just for stylish purposes yet in addition a method for demonstrating appreciation to somebody/something incredible. That practically all implications are to Western pieces, infer that writing is to be sure or what is viewed as incredible writing are basically Western. Therefore the standard for writing turned into that of the West's and the propensity for Western-situated verse is built up. It turned out to be progressively increasingly hard for new and diverse to be acknowledged as incredible or even as verse/writing. In this manner Eastern essayists - so as to be extraordinary - need to come up to this Western standards and in the process become Western. The most widely recognized misguided judgment is that verse/writing is all inclusive on the grounds that it handles the Human condition - it is an impression of Humanity. That regardless of whether a thought is expressed in an alternate manner, topics behind specific sonnets rise above culture, time, and in this way language. It is. That the indicission felt by Prufrock is the same as the hesitation that Rama felt in Bhagavad Gita. Truly. In any case, would an Indian value the way that Prufrock's interior clash is about hair-separating and eating peach? Would an Englishman comprehend the Bhagavad Gita in the event that it is written in Hindu or even comprehend the basically Asian worry of wheter he ought to or ought to and so forth and so on? The truth of the matter is that structure and significance come connected at the hip. The structure decides the significance and the other way around. There can't be one without the other. Therefore if an individual doesn't go past understanding what the structure communicates, what he sees is only a section of the bit of writing, a piece of the entirety. Since individuals are partitioned into classes of people with various hues, occupation, and sexual orientation each with their won method for communicating their previously fluctuating encounters even of similar occasions - there can never be one binding together and all inclusive language, structure, and hence nver be any sort of widespread writing. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-5567111456390512722020-05-26T11:44:00.001-07:002020-05-26T11:44:04.136-07:00Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Ideas Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Ideas What is Really Happening with Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Effective time management is necessary for stress reduction, success, and perhaps even survival, especially in the modern society of raising demands on a significantly leaner workforce. Thereare a few time managementprinciples that do apply to everybody, however. Not making very good use of time can impact people in many various ways. If it's not the best usage of your time, delegate it. There are a lot of totally free apps which help to keep you organized. It's essential that you set your priorities and your schedule your time in a means that's flexible and that permits you to acquire the most accomplished in the time that you've got available. If you would like to manage your time effectively here are a few simple measures to achieve what you would like, receive a daily planner and record the times you have to do something, set your priorities, know what's important to you and what's not and rate what ever is important to you on a scale of one to ten. Maybe the actual answer isn't to find more time for marketing, yet to MAKE time. Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Help! A seasoned professional will make an error-free assignment very quickly and can help you boost your grades. Be certain your electronic planner doesn't cost you time. Whether you're a self-employed freelancer or an entrepreneur building an increasing business, if you wo rk at home, you are going to have to find out a work routine that gives you the ability to be absolutely the most productive and productive. Employ a professional digital assistant that will help you part-time or full-time. It isn't necessary for a manager to personally take care of every merchandise. Thus don't attempt to convince yourself that you have 8 hours each day to achieve your priority items. Most discover a whole lot of their time is being spent on C and D things which have minimum value. Be realistic and keep flexible. Employing time management during a normal day can help lower stress and simplifies life. You will feel in charge of your life and revel in it even more. On top of that, managing time well reduces strain and anxiety. Or spend time preparing to work, shooting the breeze, surfing the internet, fiddling with email and you're going to finish the day having traded your time for minimal outcomes. The Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Cover Up All responsibilities aren't equal. Write out your goals so that you know where you're going. Planning involves choosing tasks that have to be conducted to attain organizational targets, outlining the way the tasks have to be performed, and indicating when they need to be carried out. Write an Action Plan You don't need to know exactly what things to do, some of it you might have to to work out along the way, but you should have an overall plan of action. All About Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program If you're an employer or little small business operator, time management is vital for making the the majority of your company and achieving your targets. A number of you might not believe that time management is crucial. As a lot of the articles on time management aren't practical for the majority of us, we just read them and forget. Learn what the top four time management issues are and why they're so important. Time management is a toug h endeavor for even the most organized men and women. Developing and utilizing fantastic time management skills is essential to managing personal stress levels. There are numerous time management techniques available, naturally. Time management programs usually concentrate on your own personal productivity, analyzing how you decide to devote your time. The One Thing to Do for Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Focus List In order to acquire the most essential work done you need to understand what the most important work is at any certain point in time. Folks will find themselves thinking that twenty four hours in 1 day is simply not enough. Understand what you will accomplish the following day. Know what to deal with first, make the decisions which is likely to make your plans work out to the very best way. Ok, I Think I Understand Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program, Now Tell Me About Samples of Time Management Essay for Fronti er Dnp Program! Each and every day, you take part in many time-consuming pursuits which don't include things like marketing. No'' is sometimes hard to say because you are taught differently. Life without any sort of organization is extremely stressful and not as productive. The Do's and Don'ts of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program You've probably heard that writing articles is an excellent way to market your business. You find a unique sort of stress management n5 question papers. Learn the real issue with time management in this informative article from the author of the new bookIgnited. Learn the true issue with time management in this informative article from the author of the new book Ignited. The Advantages of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program When developing your `to do' list you'll also be in a position to be aware the estimated amount of time you will have to finish each endeavor. Be sure to notice every time you start and stop each endeavor. You will be more productive maxing out a couple of things rather than bouncing from task to task. When a job is finished, all emotional energy linked to that task should be published. The Awful Side of Samples of Time Management Essay for Frontier Dnp Program Could you simply earn a rule they must work an 8 hour day. Keep the time log for no less than a week. All you may have to do is keep busy approximately half of the moment. It is very important to manage time wisely. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-680225891388777372020-05-15T18:20:00.001-07:002020-05-15T18:20:09.047-07:00Management Dissertations - Organisational Misbehavior - Free Essay Example Sample details Pages: 10 Words: 3054 Downloads: 1 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Statistics Essay Did you like this example? Critically evaluate the argument that organisational misbehavior is a normal feature of organisational life Introduction The notion of organisational misbehavior can be interpreted in a lot of ways based on different perspectives, different people, shifting situations, and by the changing level of awareness and understanding on the life of an organisation. There is a primary purpose of organisations in the context of fulfilling certain individual goals. Northcraft and Neale (1990, p.5) say that people come together and form organisations because organisations can accomplish things that are beyond the reach of individuals. They come together to accomplish what each individual cannot accomplish alone. The meaning of behavior in organisations according to Northcraft and Neale revolve around managing behavior to take advantage of the performance benefits of groups over individuals. This is where the concept of a good behavior and misbehavior takes shape. Donââ¬â¢t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Management Dissertations Organisational Misbehavior" essay for you Create order Organisational Behavior Organisational behavior is a multidisciplinary definition that illustrates a number of points (Gibson et al, 2000). Some of these points relate directly to the conduct of the organisation in society. First, it indicates that the behavior of people operate at individual, group, or organisational level. This suggests that when trying to study the organisational misbehavior in the perspective of being a normal part of organisational life, it must identify clearly the levels of analysis individual, group, and the organisation being used. Second, theres a distinctively humanistic orientation within the organisation behavior. Peoples attitudes, perceptions, learning capabilities, and objectives are important to the organisation. They provide the rich mixture for their organisations culture and strategies to evolve and prosper. Thirdly, the external environment is seen as having significant impact on the organisational behavior. Finally, theres also the application orientation which concer ns providing useful answers to questions that arise in the context of managing the organisation. Misbehavior is often interpreted to mean bad behavior or a deviation from the normal norms and ethics expected of individuals and organisations. To say that organisational behavior also involves other certain kinds of misbehavior still descends to the fact that any type of behavior can be either good or bad depending on the context that it is applied to in real life situations. When this type of behavior exists and eventually prevails in any organisational setup, it would likely grow into a certain stature of normalcy and seep into conventional wisdom. In order to understand why this argument seems to make sense in the framework of an organisations life, it is important to first identify the different compositions of an organisation, its objectives, culture, structure, and strategies. The complexities associated with these compositions have made it virtually impossible to model and envision a perfect organisation. Organisations have had some bouts with internal and external conflicts in one way or another. Some have mastered the arts of deception and impropriety. It is unrealistic to say that organisational misbehavior is not part of organisational life either. People in the organisation may misbehave and some people may blame the entire organisation. Others may blame specific people (especially managers) when the real shortcoming came from the organisations policies. Other groups within the organisation or network may deviate from agreements and norms. The organisational culture may not also be up to the times and the current business strategies may not sit well with government regulation policies and industry norms. If these things do happen (and they happen a lot), it is not viable and healthy to draw the line between laying out unspoken rules in classifying organisational behavior to be good and a bad. People and Human Behavior People make up the internal social system of the organisation (Newstrom and Davis, 1997). This system consists of individuals and groups, and large groups as well as small ones. People are the living, thinking, and feeling beings who work in the organisation to achieve their objectives. An organisational structure is filled up with people who decide and deliver the goods for the organisation. Diversity presents a lot of challenges for management to handle. When people become members of an organisation whether in official, unofficial or informal capacity, they bring with them different educational background, talents, interests, and behavior that they eventually contribute for the success or failure of the organisation. The relationship among individuals and groups in an organisation create expectations for an individuals behavior (Gibson et al, 2000, p. 7). An individual can be presented here as the organisation itself. These expectations result in certain leadership and follower rol es that must be performed so that there will be some kind of order and system. Collective expectations can either conform or not to standard behavior. Collective misuse of resources interests, talents, expertise, and management strategies can constitute organisation misbehavior. Punch (1996, p.1) views these misconduct as harmful to the viability of the organisation and constitutes deviance by the organisation. To put it more bluntly, organisational misbehavior eventually boils down to the issue of profits and how it should be maximized. Money has always been a central issue in any organisation and it has often been used to measure the survivability of a business. Organisational goals always take into their mainstream policy the issue of financial and economic stability and prosperity. Punch (1996, p.214) strongly suggested that formal goals of the organisation thus constitute a front for the real goals of management which is to provide a money machine for its owners and other insiders. If it is already common and normal for criminals to use any tool or weapon to perpetuate a crime, it would also seem normal for organisations to use the organisation itself to obtain money from victims of its misbehavior. The victims may actually be the customers or the members themselves. It is a prime example of what is called the organisational weapon the organisation is for white-collar criminals as the gun or knife is for the common criminals (Wheeler and Rothman, 1982, cited in Punch, 1996). In short, an organisation is set up for the primary purpose of making a substantial amount of money in the form of a profit and improving the quality of life for the individual members of the organisation. Organisations have systems of authority, status, and power, and people in organisations have varying needs for each system. People need money and a sense of fulfillment. People also need power to impose their will to others. People want to attain a certain level of success as measured by their status and standing in the organisation. Taken as a whole, organisations follow certain types of ethical behavior and standards defined along its objectives and future goals. It is also believed that adherence to moral standards on the job can have positive outcomes on the organisation and society by promoting strong ethical behavior in any aspects of life (Mares, 2005). This strong behavior of one organisation can be used as a strong issue against another organisation which is considered to be misbehaving just because it was not able to adhere to certain moral standards previously attained. Organisational Structure An organisational structure defines the formal relationship and use of people in organisations. According to Newstrom and Devis (1997), different jobs are required to accomplish all of an organisations activities. There are managers, employees, accountants, assemblers, and others who have to be related in some structural way so that their work can be effectively coordinated. How is the structure of the organisation related to the conduct of an organisation? According to Thompson (1997, p.588), structure is the means by which the organisation seeks to achieve its strategic objectives and implement strategies and strategic changes. Assuming that these strategies and changes are concerned with relating the organisations resources to its goals, will these resources be used in the proper way acceptable to all in the society? If change is necessary, it is correct to point out that resistance to change can constitute another concept of misbehavior. People confronting changes in their working environments often exhibit dysfunctional behaviors like aggression, projection, and avoidance (Hirschheim, 1995 p. 160). These types of behavioral patterns affect the overall behavior of the organisation. Another thing to consider in the organisational structure is the way decision making is delegated and observed. Thompson described the extent by which a decentralized and centralized setup of management decision making is vital in adapting to strategic change. In a centralized setup, organisational misbehavior is usually highlighted at the top management level because only a handful of people are empowered to do the decision making. A decentralized setup allows decisions to be made by most people who must implement change and usually allows the organisation a more collective approach to making decisions based on what is morally and ethically correct. This statement however, does not imply that a decentralized structure eliminates instances of misbehavior. It only lessens the probability. On the other hand, a decentralized setup could empower smaller groups within the organisation to abuse their power and open the possibility of misbehavior on a smaller scale. According to Tsahuridu, specialization and division of work that occurs in organizations may make people in organizations unable to see the illegality and immorality of certain actions. Each action is a part of a chain of actions, and even though each individual act may be legitimate and moral, all the actions linked together may constitute an illegal or immoral activity, which each individual participant may be ignorant of. Organisational Objectives and Culture Organisations must have objectives in order to exist. Objectives are always centered on what is basically good for the organisation, whether the resulting action or consequences is bad. How is organisational objectives tied to organisational behavior? Profit and growth are means to other ends rather than objectives in themselves (Acoff, 1986, cited in Thompson, 1997). There is then a question of whether profit is the ultimate objective of profit seeking business organisations or whether it is merely a means to other ends, which themselves constitute the real objectives (Thompson, 1997, p.153). Organisational behavior can be better understood by assuming whether the real goal of the organisation is to maximize profit or to provide them with a good quality of life and better standard of living. Harris and Hartman (2002, p. 75) said that an organisations culture consists of the values, norms, and attitudes of the people who make up the organisation. Values show what is important; norms reveal expected behavior; attitudes show the mind-set of individuals. Organisational culture therefore tells people what is important in the organisation, how to behave, and how to see things. Culture is a part of organisational life that influences the behavior, attitudes, and overall effectiveness of members (Gibson et al, 2000). Managers are usually in the forefront of formulating organisational strategies and policies. Johnson and Scholes (1997, p.79-80) argued that in formulating policies, managers should regard experience (good or bad) as constraints on developments. They say that in order to develop the organisation to cope with todays changing environments, they need to challenge the people around them and experiment with their different ideas and conflicting views in a pluralistic approach. The job of top management therefore is to create this sort of organisation by building teams that can work in such ways through the development of the everyday behavior and culture of the organisation. All of the issues related to the organisation in general have a tendency to influence and affect the behavior of the organisation. While it is safe to assume that the notion of misbehavior in the organisation tends to focus on the wrong or negative side of the organisation, it is preferred that misbehavior should be corrected and dealt with by focusing on how to manage and institute reforms in the different aspects of the organisation. This is a tall and complex order. Organisational behavior is not only influenced by the different factors previously mentioned. Management policies have a tendency to adapt to changing situations in their environments. Some organisations strategies may take advantage of weak government policies and regulations and find loopholes with which they can misbehave without being noticed. Other organisations strategies tend to focus on covering up unethical practices with good and convincing arguments that their actions go against standard practices but at th e same time, benefit a large segment of society. Punch (1996, p.1) described the behavior of todays organisations as problematic and worrying. He reasons out that different kinds of organisational misbehavior are often caused by managers lending themselves to deviant activities and the inability of government, business, and regulatory agencies to control effectively such misbehavior. He explains that this was largely because the subjects of business crime and corporate deviance have been sadly neglected by criminologists and crime-fighting bodies in favor of other areas such as street crimes, low-level law enforcement, and the prison system. Almost everyday, new types of organisation misbehavior are being uncovered and brought out into the open. As these corporate scandals and other forms of financial misconduct often perpetuated by top level management are exposed, more and more sophisticated strategies and techniques are slowly being uncovered. It is quite interesting to know that one kind of misbehavior can be linked to another form of misbehavior in another corporate partner within the network of organisations. Other sets of misbehavior can involve almost all levels of the organisational hierarchy. The realities faced by an organisation are different from others. Each organisation has an identity, an objective, a strategic plan, and differing sets of policies and regulations. Harris and Hartman (2002, p. 97) said this is because the underlying premise in the ideal culture is that the formal organisations norms and values are to be consistent with those of the various individuals and groups within the organisation. They say that the norms and values of individuals and groups of the organisation are hostile to formal organisational goals. This is especially true to members of top-level management and the rank and file members. Their hidden values may contradict the official policies of the organisation. Sometimes, the organisation may not value the potential contribution of its members. The need to create competitive advantage for profit and growth without the proper ethical system in place can lead to drastic steps and ethically questionable decisions and actions. Some members of the organisation may feel the need to make reforms while others may think taking radical steps will eventually spell success. Discontentment and trouble may brew over different signals and messages that the inner structure of the organisation send out to the outside world. It is therefore evident that culture can become very counterproductive and the basis of confidence, cooperation, and adherence to standard norms and behavior can be damaging to the overall behavior of the organisation. This is the start of the decay of organisational values and norms and provides a fertile ground for breeding misconduct and misbehavior in any front of the organisation. Conclusions Misbehavior is a normal part of an organisations life. It is not a question of whether it exists or not. It tends to become an issue when organisations tolerate and do nothing to correct these deviances from normal behavior and when organisations formulate policies that sheer away from ethical standards that govern them. Why is it that organisational misbehaviors tend to exist even in model companies and organisations recognized for their professional excellence? There are different ways of understanding organisational misbehavior in the context of whether it is normal or not in an organisational life. If we try to look closely at the term normal and misbehavior, there are two things which would come into mind. First, nothing is perfect and it is perfectly normal for people to commit mistakes, either willingly or unwillingly. People can always create rules and policies to counter certain misconduct. Organisations can always innovate and deviate from these rules in order to attain their goals. In these instances, there is no such thing as a perfect law governing businesses and there is also no such thing as a perfect business strategy. In normal instances, mistakes are part of the learning process. As this cycle continues today, organisational misbehavior has already come to the point where people have already considered it part and parcel of their everyday life. It is part of the reality of life that has something to do with existence and how mankind adapts to ongoing changes. The only thing that people consider to be an issue in organisation misbehavior is the level or degree of how it affects society. Second, in order to survive, some organisations have to take the risk, whether this will put them in the burner for good or elevate their status in the business community. These risks are normally present in their business strategies, structure, objectives, and culture. They can follow the business rules by the book and end up earning nothing or they may deviate from certain rules and norms and reap profits. Again, it is normal for organisations to take risks and reap the benefits. All of the characteristics of an organisation are linked to one another to form their own identity and behavior. People are in a social structure within the organisation and are empowered to make good or bad decisions. The structure of the organisation limits or expands the power to make decisions. Bibliography Books Gibson, James et al. (2000).Organizations: Behavior, Structure, Processes. 3rd edition. McGraw-Hill, Manila. Harris, J and Hartman, S. (2002). Organizational Behavior. Haworth Press. New York. Hirschheim, R.A. (1995). Office Automation: A Social and Organizational Perspective. John Wiley. Oxford Johnson, Gerry and Scholes, Kevan. (1997). Exploring Corporate Strategy.Prentice Hall. UK Newstrom, John and Davis, Keith. (1997) Organizational Behavior: Human Behavior at Work. McGraw-Hill. Northcraft, Gregory and Neale, Margaret.(1990).Organizational Behavior:A Management Challenge. Dryden Press, Florida. Punch, Maurice. (1996). Dirty Business: Exploring Corporate Misconduct. SAGE Publications, London. Thompson, John (1997).Strategic Management: Awareness and Change. 3rd Edition.International Thompson Business Press.Boston Journal Article Mares, Micheal (2005), The Importance of Business Ethics,Retrieved last February 26, 2005 from https://www.webcpa.com Tsuahurido, Eva, Ethics and Integrity: What Australian Organizations Seek and Offer in Recruitment Advertisements,Retrieved: March 3, 2005 from https://www.pamij.com/7_4/v7n4_tsahuridu.html Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-52991831126516227342020-05-06T16:56:00.001-07:002020-05-06T16:56:14.470-07:00Hey India - 1828 Words SocEntResearch.org | SocEntResearch.org | Collecting data on social entrepreneurs is problematic for a number of reasons. For instance, the nascency of the field means that there are relatively few (as compared with fields like commercial entrepreneurship or family firms) potential subjects for those wanting to study founders of social ventures. Moreover, due to the global nature of the field, social entrepreneurs tend to be a disbursed group. Add to this the fact that there is little government-mandated public information on most social enterprises (as is the case with publically-traded firms, for example), and one can understand why few empirical studies on social entrepreneurship have gone beyond case studies. This isâ⬠¦show more contentâ⬠¦While the GEM is, like the PSED, primarily concerned with tradition commercial entrepreneurship, the study allows for some SocEnt research. Recent versions of the GEM individual-level datasets include the following question: ââ¬Å"Are you, alone or with others, currently trying to start or currently owning and managing any kind of activity, organisation or initiative that has a particular social, environmental or community objective? This might include providing services or training to socially deprived or disabled persons, using profits for socially oriented purposes, organising self-help groups for community action, etc.â⬠Those respondents that answer in the affirmative may be classified as social entrepreneurs and analysis may be conducted both within this sub-sample, or comparisons may be made with those that answered in the negative.3) Depending on your definition of ââ¬Ësocial enterpriseââ¬â¢ (See our definitions page), IRS 990 forms may be an excellent source of secondary. For instance, many consider social enterprise to be nonprofits using earned income strategies. 990s are the tax forms that nonprofit organizations must file each year. Among the things they must report are the sources of their income; i.e., how much did they get from donations, government grants, membership dues, sales of goods/services, etc. With this, one may argue, for example, that nonprofits with more earned income from sales of goods and services are moreShow MoreRelatedA Passage To India by E.M. Forster 1224 Words à |à 5 Pages In A Passage To India, E.M. Forster uses the technological infrastructure motif to support his theme that people from vastly different backgrounds have difficulty forming true friendships. He contrasts the stately, structured English architecture with the chaotic, organically-inspired Indian architecture and the high-tech, powerful English automobiles with the more primitive transportation alternatives that the Indians possessed. Forster then uses this technological gulf as a metaphor for theRead MoreMadison Miles World History II Honors April 17, 2014 Traditional Roles of Indian Women (before and1600 Words à |à 7 Pagesthe Vedic period around 1700 BCE, women living in Indian society have been documented as subordinate to men in all aspects of life. Throughout Medieval India and up until 19th century women endured a lifestyle of limited freedom. This lack of freedom stemmed from the strict caste system rules about women and the overall male-dominated world India accepted for so long. Traditional society was not a welcoming place for girls, as they endured a confined lifestyle as homemakers. Women were not permittedRead MoreIndian American Communication : Indian Americans1547 Words à |à 7 PagesIndian-American Communication Indian-Americans are people who either originated themselves or descend from an ancestor who was born in India. 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Narayan and Raja Rao. He is considered a pioneer of the Anglo- Indian fiction and best remembered for his depiction of the poorer classes of people in India and their plight. His primary concern and business as a writer of fiction, is to attack the social snobbery and prejudice, superstitions and untouchability . He is a writer who urges for an attitude filled with love and sympathy for the million livingRead Morefirst day in america Essay example788 Words à |à 4 Pagesï » ¿Patel Mitali Mr. Lindemann English 1301 February 10, 2014 My first day in America I remember my first day in America like it just happened yesterday! I moved to America from India when I was just 12 year old. When I started my journey to America, I was getting mixed feelings, one side I was excited to go to America I saw in movies and wanted to be a part of great American culture but on the other side I was feeling sad about leaving behind my friends and place I was born and spent my childhoodRead MorePhilippines And Indi Hofstedes Cultural Dimensions1442 Words à |à 6 PagesPhilippines and India: Hofstedeââ¬â¢s Cultural Dimensions According to MindTools.com, psychologist Dr. Geert Hofstede aimed to understand cultures and cultural differences 1970s when he began to decades of research and thousands of interviews. What emerged was is an internationally recognized standard model of cultural dimensions. Hofstede analyzed the results of his research and found clear patterns of similarity and difference amid the responses along these five dimensions. There are five main Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-40243464000851055382020-05-05T20:17:00.001-07:002020-05-05T20:17:10.225-07:00Organizational Objectives And Existing Marketing Strategies - Woolwort Question: Identify and evaluate marketing opportunities of Woolworths? Answer: Introduction Woolworths was established in 1924 in Sydney and today it has become the leading retailer of grocery and liquor in Australia (Woolworths.com.au, 2015). Over the last twenty five years Woolworths has been synonyms with fresh food. The company has been extensively focusing on offering wide range of fresh foods to its customers. The product range of the company includes fresh fruits, vegetables, dairy products, and meat and dairy products. Additionally, drinks, desserts, biscuit snacks, canned food, tobacco, cigarettes, magazines beauty and wellness products. The leading retailer of Australia has given first priority to its customers and focusing in improving the product range and service in order to satisfy their demands. It has been supporting the community through the managing partnership with the local farmers. This paper will focus on analyzing the existing marketing strategy and assist in identification of the marketing opportunities (Loudon, Stevens Wrenn, 2005). In order to und ertake this study, an appointment was fixed with the store manager of Woolworths in Sydney. Organizational Objectives and Existing Marketing Strategies Objectives: Woolworths have been focusing on extending its leadership in food and liquor. Another principle strategic priority of the company is to undertake activities for maximizing the value of shareholders. The company has been putting extensive emphasize on maintaining its past records of developing new business opportunities for sustainable growth. These are the major business objectives of Woolworths. The company has designed its strategies for achievement of the business growth planned by the management. Existing Marketing Strategy and its Outcome: The marketing strategy of Woolworths has considered the dynamic business environment and focused on adoption of a framework for meeting the changing customer demand. The business direction is entirely driven by the customers. The current marketing strategy includes giving top priority to the customers (Kotler, 2000). Presently, the company has identified that one of the important element of marketing element; place strategy needs to be changed for ensuring high level of the convenience to the customers. Woolworths has been offering websites, mobile apps, virtual stores and new delivery options to complement its stores. Promotional strategy is one of the important factors for retaining the customers (Wilson Gilligan, 2005). In order earn customer loyalty; the company has focused on designing a public relation initiative through introduction of Everyday Rewards Program which offers wide range of exclusive offers as well as promotions (Woolworthslimited.com.au, 2015). In order to devel op new strategies, Woolworths has been utilizing the customer feedback for making significant difference to the customers through meeting their growing expectation (Omar Sawmong, 2007). In case of products, the company has been offering fresh foods which are sourced from the local farmers. The meat and poultry products are 100% fresh and the fruit and vegetables are 96% fresh (Woolworths Online, 2015). Additionally, the company has been offering better bag packing as well as large bags at the self service check outs, more half sized trolleys, an up to date store directory in every aisle and better seasonality information for fresh food. These are the major marketing strategies of Woolworths for product, place and promotion (Winer, 2000). The outcomes of implementation of these strategies are reflected in the organizational performance. It has been found that the existing marketing strategy of Woolworths is effective and helps the organization in achieving most of its objectives. It has been reported that the in the last half of 2013, Woolworths has sales of 1.8 billion dollars. It must be noted that this is the strongest sales growth since 2011(Businessreviewaustralia.com, 2015). The fastest growing retailer of Australia has been able to achieve the increase in business value through its effective marketing strategy. Doubling of the business growth can be significantly attributed to the effective marketing strategy such as loyalty program which has effectively helped in engaging the customers. Additionally, the product strategy which emphasized on offering wide range of fresh food helped in the attracting the health conscious Australian customers. Marketing Opportunities Marketing opportunities refer to the further scope for enhancing the business growth through designing an effective marketing strategy which will addressing the threats of changing the external business environment across the globe. Though Woolworths has been performing well over the years, it has been encountering significant threat from its competitors. It has been found that the Woolworths and Coles have been dominating the retail market of Australia for several years. Presently, the entrance of a German retailer, Aldi has been becoming a threat for the leading retailers of Australia. Aldi is a discount supermarket and its own labels are gaining significant popularity. It has been observed that in the post global financial crisis, the Australian consumers have been focusing on the value for money (Ramachandra, Chandrashekara Shivakumar, 2010). A cultural shift is prominent in case of Australian consumers and they are growing tired of the conventional shopping experiences and incr easingly accepting the bargain hunting. Hence, the competition in the retail market is intensifying rapidly (Mitchell, 2014). The customers prefer the low priced products of Aldi for saving. Additionally Aldi has been offering some exclusive products which will help in causing a sensation with the shoppers. For instance, according to the report of Nielson, Mamia range of nappies has been the most popular brand sold in the Australia. Additionally, the ski gear offered by Aldi has received significant popularity (MEHRA, 2015). It has been estimated that Aldi has the potential to snatch around $ 250 to $350 million from the sales of Woolworths. According to UBS, the sales of Aldi will reach $9.3 billion within 2019 as it is planning to open new shops in Western and South Australia (Mitchell, 2014). Hence, Woolworths need to focus on the new market opportunities for competing with the rapidly growing German retailer. This section will focus on recommending three new marketing strategies for Woolworths. Product Strategy: Customers are focusing on purchasing fresh and high quality product at cheaper price. Additionally, the new products offered by the competitors have significantly attracted the customer base. Hence, it can be recommended that Australia needs to focus on the innovation for offering some exclusive products which can be easily afforded by the customers. For example, some innovative hobby and leisure products, innovative home appliances can be offered at Woolworths. Woolworths has significant potential for investing higher amount in research and development for supporting the innovation activities (Parry, 2005). Thus, new product development and innovation is essential for exploring the new markets of Australia and enhancing customer base of the company which will ultimately lead to the achievement of targeted growth of the company (Marshall Johnston, 2010). Pricing Strategy: Price is a major concern for Woolworths as Aldi has been growing by offering huge discounts on its products. It has been found that the customers are focusing on the purchasing the inexpensive products with similar quality. Hence, Woolworths need to focus on adoption of competitive pricing strategy. First of all, it needs to control its cost through several cost cutting strategies (Businessreviewaustralia.com, 2015). Additionally, the company needs to reduce the profit margin for offering lower price of the products. Therefore, the reduced profit margin can be compensated with the aid of increased level of sales (Noyan Simsek, 2011). Promotional Strategy: Promotional strategy helps the company in effective marketing communication. In order to compete with the market rivals, Woolworths need to enhance its promotional activities. (Dalrymple Parsons, 2000) First of all, on a certain day of the week, the company can offer he discount on some specific products. Additionally, it can offer complementary items on a purchase of certain amount. Least selling products will be given as the complementary goods on a specific day (Loudon, Stevens Wrenn, 2005). It will be significantly effective in attracting the customers who are value focused. Additionally, organizing in store events where the children and women can participate will be effective in spending more time within the shop and ultimately lead to enhanced sales (Kotler, 2000). Thus, the promotional strategy needs to be changed for exploring the market opportunities and enhancing sales. Conclusion This paper has focused on providing an insight to the development of new marketing strategy for Woolworths. It has been found that the company has been able to manage significant growth over the years. Woolworths has focused on its customers and their needs for satisfying those efficiently. The company has designed effective customer loyalty program for retaining its customer base. The wide product range contains fresh fruit and vegetables along with meat and poultry products which have helped in attracting the health conscious consumers. However, it must be noted that Aldi, a German retailer has been considered to be a major threat for the growth of Woolworths. Hence, it is important to change the marketing strategy of the company. Hence, the company needs focus on diversifying its product range through innovation. Additionally, the company needs to adopt competitive pricing for attracting more number of customers. Additionally, the company needs to adopt effective promotional strat egy for ensuring sustainable growth in future through maintaining its position as market leader. References Businessreviewaustralia.com,. (2015).Marketing strategies bolster Woolworths profits. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.businessreviewaustralia.com/leadership/445/Marketing-strategies-bolster-Woolworths-profits Dalrymple, D., Parsons, L. (2000).Basic marketing management. New York: Wiley. Kotler, P. (2000).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Loudon, D., Stevens, R., Wrenn, B. (2005).Marketing management. New York: Best Business Books, an imprint of The Haworth Press. Marshall, G., Johnston, M. (2010).Marketing management. Boston: McGraw-Hill Irwin. MEHRA, P. (2015).Aldis private labels hurt Woolworths, Coles the most.TheAustralian. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.theaustralian.com.au/business/news/aldis-private-labels-hurt-woolworths-coles-the-most/story-e6frg906-1227193415702 Mitchell, S. (2014).Aldi expansion could end Coles-Woolworths supermarket duopoly.Financial Review. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.afr.com/p/business/companies/aldi_expansion_could_end_coles_woolworths_d33XUgjDY5V0pXmhrWaOtK Mitchell, S. (2014).Woolworths committed to cutting prices in battle with Coles, Aldi.The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.smh.com.au/business/retail/woolworths-committed-to-cutting-prices-in-battle-with-coles-aldi-20140905-10cqir.html Noyan, F., Simsek, G. (2011). Structural Determinants Of Customer Satisfaction In Loyalty Models: Turkish Retail Supermarkets.Procedia - Social And Behavioral Sciences,30, 2134-2138. doi:10.1016/j.sbspro.2011.10.414 Omar, O., Sawmong, S. (2007). Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty to British Supermarkets.Journal Of Food Products Marketing,13(2), 19-32. doi:10.1300/j038v13n02_02 Parry, M. (2005).Strategic marketing management. London: McGraw-Hill. Ramachandra, K., Chandrashekara, B., Shivakumar, S. (2010).Marketing management. Mumbai [India]: Himalaya Pub. House. Wilson, R., Gilligan, C. (2005).Strategic marketing management. Amsterdam: Elsevier/Butterworth-Heinemann. Winer, R. (2000).Marketing management. Upper Saddle River, N.J.: Prentice Hall. Woolworths Online,. (2015).The-Fresh-Food-People. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www2.woolworthsonline.com.au/Shop/Seasonal/The-Fresh-Food-People#url=/Shop/Browse/magazines-books Woolworths.com.au,. (2015).2012 Woolworths Today. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.woolworths.com.au/wps/wcm/connect/website/woolworths/about+us/our-story/2012+woolworths+today Woolworthslimited.com.au,. (2015).Strategy and Objectives - Woolworths Limited. Retrieved 12 February 2015, from https://www.woolworthslimited.com.au/page/Who_We_Are/Strategy_and_Objectives/ Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-77553748080798268422020-04-14T14:04:00.001-07:002020-04-14T14:04:02.564-07:00Sociological Aspects of the Article Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-18518627413017838422020-03-12T03:01:00.001-07:002020-03-12T03:01:03.358-07:00Diabates essaysDiabates essays With all the threats of harmful health, some diseases can be prevented with just a healthy lifestyle of eating correctly, exercising, and maintaining a stress-free mindset. But these techniques for a successful healthy body can only be minimally helpful in the world of diabetes. With diseases such as diabetes mellitus, that can passed on genetically, a person cant escape their chances of developing this disease. In the United States, about 16 million people suffer from diabetes mellitus, although only half the individuals have been diagnosed(Bellenir 94). Every year about 650,000 people are diagnosed; diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the U.S. By definition, diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases characterized by high levels of blood glucose resulting from defects in insulin secretion, insulin action or both(Microsoft 1). The pancreas produces little or no insulin, a hormone that aids in glucose absorption. Glucose is also known as sugar and is an energy source for the body. This condition may also develop if muscle and fat cells respond poorly to insulin. In people with diabetes, glucose levels build up in the blood and urine, causing excessive urination, thirst, hunger and problems with fat and protein metabolism. Diabetes is most common among adults over the age of 45, in people who are overweight or inactive, in individuals with a family history of diabetes, and in minority populations including African Americans and Native Americans (who have the highest rate of diabetes). Also, more women than men are diagnosed Diabetes is classified into two types. Type 1 or insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM), is also known as juvenile onset diabetes. With this type, the body produces little or no insulin. Symptoms appear suddenly in individuals under the age of 20. Most cases occur around the onset of puberty, usually ages 8 to 12. In the U.S., about five to ten percent of al ... Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-55667787070014000722020-02-24T17:26:00.001-08:002020-02-24T17:26:03.431-08:00Demerger Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsDemerger - Essay Example The segmentation strategies of both Daimler-Chrsyler not only enabled both companies to attain wider customer markets but also fresh chances for the expansion of their automobile lines. On the other hand, the only significant disadvantage in the demerging procedures of Daimler-Chrsyler was the internal adjustments that both companies had to endure particularly in budgeting their endeavors and initiatives. But all in all, the demerging of Daimler-Chrsyler had a positive impact on the succeeding profits of both companies in spite of the fact the demerger mandated both companies to regain their individual company designations. As the American automobile industry became aware of the effects of the demerger of Daimler-Chrsyler to their present system, other American automobile companies had been able to utilize this knowledge to get and maintain a control mechanism to enable them to become top organizations in the world market. In this way, the utilization of demergers and modernization had supported the US automobile industry to become competitive in the world market. The demerger of Daimler-Chrsyler enabled the fundamental enhancement in the economic progress of the American economy and significantly improved financial gains in the aftermath of transferring income and taxes to the American authorities. The demerger of Daimler-Chrsyler will defin Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-55850380517064642212020-02-08T10:13:00.001-08:002020-02-08T10:13:02.626-08:00(the main differences between the NRA method of measurement , and Assignment(the main differences between the NRA method of measurement , and CESMM3) Civil engineering measurement - Assignment Example It is not measured to construction joints, holes, ducts, sockets, mortices and the like that do not exceed 0.15 cubic meters in volume. The edge of blinding concrete should be less or equal to 75mm. An inclination angle of less than 15à ° to horizontal plane is required. The pipes are measured in linear meters and made of clay, concrete, iron, steel, polyvinyl and glass reinforced plastic. The depth of excavation depends on the nominal pipe diameter and type of material for the pipe (CESSM3, 1991 p.48). NRA dwells puts a lot of emphasis on drainage and service ducts include drains, sewers, piped culverts and service ducts. It does not include filter drains, narrow filter drains and fin drains. The unit of measurement is linear meters. The measurement done from the center line between; For depth inverts that do not exceed 2m, average depth of invert to be stated the nearest 25mm. If the depths to invert exceed 2m but less than 4m and in steps of 2m, again the average depth must be stated to the nearest 25mm. From the CESSM3 point of view, unit of measurement for executed works is in sum form apart from scenarios where there is a specified unit of measurement. The divisions included are; contractual, specified requirements, method related charges, provisional sum and the rest. Contractual requirements are classified into performance bond, insurance of works and third party insurance. Specified requirements refer to accommodation, services, equipment, attendance for engineersââ¬â¢ staff and the like. The method-related charges focus on accommodation, services, temporary works, supervision and labour and plant. Provisional sums are measured in terms of day work and include; labour, materials, plant and their respective percentage adjustment. Method-related charges are inserted by the tenderer in the Bill of Quantities (CESSM3, 1991 p.16). NRA classifies this section under preliminaries and Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-20680171599665253602020-01-29T19:26:00.001-08:002020-01-29T19:26:03.463-08:00Management styles and strategies in small firm Essay Example for Free Management styles and strategies in small firm Essay Management literature provides us a number of management styles practiced by managers and leaders across the globe through the years. A managerââ¬â¢s style is largely determined by many factors in the organization including the structure and the size of resources available as well as the managerial capacity of the owner. The mode of operations and styles in small firms are determined by the transactional nature of the firm as well as the nature and capacity of the manager-cum-owner. Authoritarian Management Style. Some managers of small firms practice the authoritarian management style. With the inherent characteristics of being small, managers of small firms take absolute control of a workplace situation, without reference to the views and inputs of the employees. According to Davidmann, in authoritarian organizations it is orders which are passed down from above and the managers role is to pass orders down the chain of command. In small firms, owner-cum-managers are the only ones who decide on innovations and changes in the business operations. Innovation in small firms is usually linked up with the entrepreneurial skill of the owner-cum manager. To Meulenberg Verhees (2004), ââ¬Å"in a small firm, innovativeness implies a wiliness of the owner to learn about and to adopt innovations, both in the input and output markets. High innovations of small firm do not mean that the owner is innovative in all domainsâ⬠. Workers in small businesses can also contribute to the innovative process of the firm but only through the direction of the organizationââ¬â¢s leaders. It is still the owner-cum-managerââ¬â¢s decision that is implemented in the end. As Slatter (1992:159), puts it, ââ¬Å"strong leadership provides a key role in overcoming the confusion that usually accompanies growth and is necessary to build and maintain the cohesiveness of the organizationâ⬠. Participative Management Style Participative management style is also practiced by managers of small businesses. The main goal of participative management is to enhance the quality of the employeesââ¬â¢ working life and the management must be responsive to the requests of the employees (Lewis Renn, 1992). This style allows information sharing and involvement of employees in the decision making. Participative management is a process whereby the employees are involved in the decision-making of the organization through formal and informal means (Chan). As a small firm with small organizational structure, there is the need to focus on people issues, and trust-based relations; such a perspective neglects the probability of conflict, even in ostensibly high trust work settings (Collins Ram, 2003). In small firms, employees are encouraged to be involved in decision making. Managers share information directly to the employees and ask inputs before making decisions about policies and processes. This type of management styles promotes and boosts the morale of employees and prevents low productivity. According to Davidmann, smaller company is more effective when compared with larger company both in terms of both employee utilisation (turnover per employee) and capital utilisation (turnover per unit of issued share capital). The adherence to informal structure and system in small firm operation is another noticeable fact that has affected how managerial pattern is determined. According to Blackburn (2003:12), ââ¬Å"the relatively low use of the formal systems by small firms may also mean that a reliance on patent counts etc. is an inaccurate measurement of innovative or research activity. Hence, there is a need to ââ¬Ëunpackââ¬â¢ the approaches to innovative and intellectual property management by owner-mangersâ⬠. In the same parlance, Moore (1996), cited in Blackburn (2003), opined that SMEs rely on more informal methods to protect their intellectual property, such as maintaining a lead time advantage over competitors in bringing new products to market. Also, this can come through the development of high-trust. Adaptive Management Style Ken Blanchard and Paul Hershey, renowned management gurus, created a management style that analyzes the needs of the situation a manager or a leader is dealing with, and then adopts the most appropriate style. This is ideal for small businesses since management styles are considered to be difficult due to the flexible nature of small businesses. In this view, Slatter (1992:159) puts it that ââ¬Å"managing fast growth in entrepreneurial firms is one of the most difficult challenges that existâ⬠. ââ¬Å"Owners often struggle to balance the flexibility required to keep pace with customer demands, with a sense of continuity and security. Hence, management essentially comprises a careful balancing act between strong leadership and decentralized task-oriented management; entrepreneurial and professional management; and processes involving organizational cohesion and those promoting individual responsibilitiesâ⬠(Collins Ram, 2003). The availability of strong leadership in small firms provides a key role in overcoming the confusion that usually accompanies growth and is necessary to build and maintain the cohesiveness of the organization. Thus, ââ¬Å"achieving the balancing act between stability and flexibility is difficult, but potentially attainable through such means and a strong but democratic leadership styleâ⬠(Slatter 1992:126). Small firms have been observed to be adapting operational plan rather than strategic plan. While strategic plan is conceived as ââ¬Å"a written long ââ¬â range plan, which includes both a corporate mission statement and a statement of organizational objectivesâ⬠¦operational planning , on the other hand, is defined as the setting of short term objectives for specific functional areas such as finance, marketing, and personnelâ⬠(Shrader et al, 1989). The limited resources available to small firms have resulted in their continual practice of operational plans. ââ¬Å"Strategic planning has not commonly been practiced by smaller firms because they do not have the staff or the time to engage in strategic planning. Rather, the top manager in a small firm must be concerned more with operational, day-to-day, functional area problemsâ⬠(ibid). Robinson, Logan, and Shalem, cited in Shrader et al, (1989), found that strategic planning was not related to improved financial performance of small firms, but that operational planning was positively related to performance. It is argued that small businesses do not benefit from strategic plans primarily because they do not take time or effort to formulate them. Robinson concluded that small businesses which hired outside help in strategic planning performed better than those that did not plan (ibid). Operational planning allows more flexibility on the part of the owner-cum-managers of small firms. This type of planning allows them to be more adaptive in their management style depending on the need of the situation. Most research works and write ups have been about the management of human resources in large organizations. However in recent times, the focus has shifted to HRM in small firms. Major concerns and predictions for the failures of small businesses relate to financial issues. But in the argument of Marlow Patton (1993), the effective management of employees is also emerging as a key variable in the survival of small firms. The limited size of many small firms justifies the absence of full-time HR professionals in their organizations. The complex and time consuming nature of many HR activities can result in a significant drain on existing managerial resources. Small firms also face the problems and challenges of lacking high skilled HR. ââ¬Å"Attractive and retention is clearly linked to the ability to offer a competitive benefits packageâ⬠(Williams Dreher 1992, cited in Klaas et al, 2000). There is a need for a well-skilled and well-motivated workforce for small firms in order for them to compete effectively in the global marketplace. ââ¬Å"There is growing empirical evidence linking HRM activities and organizational performanceâ⬠(Holt 1993, cited in Wager 1998). As Odaka Sawai (1999), puts it, ââ¬Å"small business has sometimes been criticized for its economic ââ¬Ëvicesââ¬â¢: retrace competition, the exploitation of employees through low wages, poor working conditions, paternalistic labor relations, and so on. In so far as small firms are characterized by the relatively labor-intensive choice of technology, they contributed to society by enhancing the employment capabilities of the latterâ⬠. Lack of technological processes of small firms also constitutes as basis of inefficient HR relationships. Collins Ram (2003) identified four types of employment relations in small firms: ââ¬Å"a ââ¬Ëfactoryââ¬â¢ model, which emphasized pecuniary attachment and managerial control: a ââ¬Ëcommitment model based upon peer and ââ¬Ëculturalââ¬â¢ control: a professional model that stressed attachment to work; and an ââ¬Ëengineeringââ¬â¢ that exhibited a more instrumental approach to work relationsââ¬â¢. The concept of informality is invoked to describe social relations at work. But the substance of informality needs to be investigated, together with the shaping power of the context in which the small firm is operating. The ranking of importance of HRM activities differs between small and large scale businesses. According to Ng and Maki (1993), quoted in Wager (19980, ââ¬Å" for smaller firms, the three most important activities were the ââ¬Ëretaining functionââ¬â¢ (which included administering personnel records, payroll processing, health and safety compliance, public relations, and vacation processing), ââ¬Ëobtaining functionââ¬â¢ (which involve pre-employment testing, recruiting, and hiring), and the ââ¬Ëidentifying functionââ¬â¢ (which included human resource planning and job evaluation). On the other hand for larger firms, the most important activity was the ââ¬Ëadjustment functionââ¬â¢ (which addresses promotion, transfer, and separation, union-management relations, employee assistance plan administration, and disciplinary issues, followed by the ââ¬Ëidentifying functionââ¬â¢, and the developing functionââ¬â¢ (which included skill training, orientation, and career development). CONCLUSION So going back to the question Is small beautiful? , my discussion in this paper would say yes. Small is beautiful indeed. Although many literature and management experts would disagree with this conclusion, this paper concludes that small is beautiful. Nooteboom (1994) and Rothwell and Dodgson (1994) as cited by Voosen, find that the relative strengths of large firms are predominantly material. According to Voosen, it is not always easy to separate the effects of market power and firm size, as these two are obviously correlated. But despite the obvious advantage of large organizations over small firms, this paper concludes that small is beautiful. There is beauty in managing small businesses. The beauty of small firms lies in its inherent characteristic of being small. Small allows flexibility, creativity, innovativeness, responsiveness, and efficiency in decision making. Nooteboom (1994) and Rothwell and Dodgson (1994), as cited by Voosen, concluded that in general, the relative strengths of small firms lie in its behavioral characteristics. This definitely reinforces the saying that bigger isnââ¬â¢t really better! REFERENCES Anglund, Sandra M. (2000), Small Business Policy and the American Creed. Westport CT: Praeger. Bannock, Graham (2005), The Economics and management of Small Business: An International perspective. New York: Routledge. Blackburn, Robert A. (2003), Intellectual Property and Innovation management in Small Firms. London: Routledge Blackburn, R. Hart, M. (2001), ââ¬Å"Perception or reality? The effects of Employment Rights on Small Firmsâ⬠Paper at the 3rd SBS- Kingston university seminar series, Sheffield 6 November. http://business. kingston. ac. uk/research/kbssbs/percrel. pdf (06/03/06) Bolton, J. (1971) Small Firms Report of the Committee of Inquiry on Small Firms. London. Chan, Alvin. Organizational Survival: Adapt to Succeed! http://www. zeromillion. com/business/adapt. html Collins, L. 7 ram M. (2003), ââ¬Å"Managing the Entrepreneurial Firmâ⬠Stream 9: Critical Realist Perspectives on Entrepreneurial Organizations and Discourses. June http://www. mngt. waikato. ac. nz/ejrot/cmsconference/2003/proceedings/criticalrealist/collins. pdf (06/03/06) Fletcher, Denise E. (2002), Understanding the Small Family Business. London: Routledge. Klaas, Brian S. et al (2000), ââ¬Å"Managing HR in the small and Medium Enterprise: The Impact of Professional Employer Organizationsâ⬠in Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice Vol. 25, No. 1. Lewis, Jerre and Renn, Leslie (1992), ââ¬Å"How to Start a Participative Management Program: 10 Easy Stepsâ⬠. Lewis Renn Associates, 1992. Marlow, S. and Patton D. (1993), ââ¬Å"Research Note-Managing the Employment Relationship in the Smaller Firm: Possibilities for Human Resource Managementâ⬠, International Small Business Journal, 11 (4) 57-64. Meulenberg M. T. G. Verhees F. J. H. M. (2004), ââ¬Å"Market Orientation, Innovativeness product Innovation, and Performance in Small Firmsâ⬠in Journal of Small Business Management. Vol. 42, No. 2. Odaka, K. Sawai, M. (1999), Small Firms, Large Concerns: The Development of Small Business in Comparative Perspectives. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Shrader, C. B. et al (1989), ââ¬Å"Strategic and Operational Planning, Uncertainty and Performance in Small Firmsâ⬠in Journal of Small Business Management. Vol. 27, No 4 Slatter, S. (1992), Gambling on Growth: How to Manage the Small High-tech Firm, John Wiley Sons. Vosen, Robert. ââ¬Å"Combining Large and Small Firm Advantages in Innovation: Theory and Examples. www. ub. rug. nl/eldoc/som/b/98B21/98b21. pdf Wager, Terry H. (1998), ââ¬Å"Determinants of Human Resource Management Practices in Small Firms: Some Evidence from Atlantic Canadaâ⬠in Journal of Small Business Management. Vol. 36, No. 2. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-18722118011088318532020-01-21T15:49:00.001-08:002020-01-21T15:49:02.746-08:00Sex and Chance: Strange Bedfellows? :: Philosophy EssaysSex and Chance: Strange Bedfellows? History was sex, French was sex, art was sex, the Bible... everything was sex except biology which was obviously sex but not really sex, not the one that was secret and ecstatic and wicked and a sacrament and all the things it was supposed to be but couldn't be at one and the same time-- I got that in the boiler room and it turned out to be biology after all. (Stoppard, 218) I'll admit it. I'm fascinated by sex. After all, it is the reason that we are all here, isn't it? And not just thanks to our parents: for years and years and years, sex has been the motor driving the evolutionary process. I don't think people give sex enough credit for its role in the evolutionary process. Call evolution "survival of the fittest", call it random chance, call it whatever you want-- in the end, whoever's left alive is just searching for another body in which to find comfort. I have not always been fascinated by sex. An infamous family story records my disgust when I first learned about "the birds and the bees". Apparently, I turned around in the car seat to look at my baby brother: "You mean you did it twice??" Part of my growing fascination has been a result of the evolving story I have been told/am telling myself about sex. In class, Professor Grobstein taught us about "lateral transfer", and Elizabeth dubbed sex "the transfer of genetic material". I don't like to think about sex in purely clinical terms, however. It's not just my status as a "hopeless romantic", it's also my belief that sex is bigger than the box of words it is often put into. Sex is a growing, changing thing that is going through its own evolution. Not that the process itself has changed much; it's human interpretation and response to sex that continues to evolve. Also , if sex is allowed leeway to expand beyond the clinical level, it gains greater implications (not that birth isn't a great implication by any means). As Stoppard puts it: "Einstein- relativity and sex. Chippendale- sex and furniture. Galileo- 'Did the earth move?'" (Stoppard, 90). In this sense, everything we do is linked inextricably to sex. (Upon writing this previous sentence, I realized that I have picked a topic which is quite beyond the scope of this paper, and would require many many years of research. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-58630032284651853302020-01-13T12:13:00.001-08:002020-01-13T12:13:03.924-08:00Expressive Art Essayââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠found on page 101 is Leonardo da Vinciââ¬â¢s masterpiece created using tempera on pitch, gesso and mastic as medium. The subject matter of the painting, as the title suggests, is the last meal of Jesus Christ together with his twelve apostles. ââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠, strikes its audience with an instant depiction of the momentous scene where (through John) Jesus states, ââ¬Å"Truly, truly, I say to you, one of you will betray meâ⬠. The last supper or the meal is characterized by the presence of leavened bread, fish, herb and wine. In addition to this, there are twelve glasses and several plates present; all made from metal that untypically portray the supper of conservative Jews. All the items found in the table or supper are nonobjective arts; they do not represent any other objects. ââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠presents a pyramidal composition, where an impression of stability is presented to the audience. Twelve models representing the twelve apostles are divided into groups of three, each having distinct expressive characteristics. Bartholomew, James (the younger) and Andrew, found on the left side of the table, shows expressions of fear or horrification. Andrew provides the most expressive reaction as he holds his hands up, as if expressing a gesture of ââ¬Å"letââ¬â¢s calm downâ⬠. Judas, Peter and John form the next group, where Judasââ¬â¢ face is in shadow while cunningly holding a small bag which represents money or his betrayal. Furthermore, both Judas and Jesus reached for bread at the same time. On the other hand, Peter clutches a knife which is pointed away from the back of Judas while his other hand is placed on Johnââ¬â¢s shoulder. It seems like Peter is asking John, who in return leans towards him, ââ¬Å"Who does he say it is? â⬠In ââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠, John is represented by an effeminate model or character due to his modest nature. Christ on the other hand, who is the only calm individual in the scene, is located on the center, serving as the center of balance between the groups of apostles who are in turmoil. Three windows are behind him, where the biggest is placed directly behind him, which may represent a halo. Four doors with varied sizes are placed on each side which gives an impression of space or point of view. Thomas, James (brother of Jesus) and Philip are seen next to Jesus. Thomas who is pointing upward seems to doubt the announcement of Jesus. His other hand is placed on the table between the two apostles as if looking for solid evidence. James and Philip are stunned. James is observed to be looking at the left of hand of Jesus while Philip looked like asking, ââ¬Å"Is it me? â⬠Matthew, Thaddeus and Simon, the last group, all looked surprised or startled. Matthew and Thaddeus seem to be asking Simon about the announcement, who in return answers with his hands showing a gesture of ââ¬Å"I donââ¬â¢t knowâ⬠. Contrary to Leonardo da Vinciââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠is Rembrandtââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Three Crossesâ⬠created using drypoint and burin technique which can be found in page 78. Due to the technique used by Rembrandt (with an emphasis on using lines), the print is black and white. By engaging on the colors used, a feeling or atmosphere of stark and harsh can be felt. This is an effective method especially since the subject matter is the dramatic death of Jesus Christ on the cross at Golgotha. Moreover, it is the narrative representation of ââ¬Å"darkness covered the earthâ⬠, an account of the Crucifixion made by St. Luke. The colors or technique emphasizes on the representation of violence, sadness and hope during the said event. Black represents the dark, evil, lack of wisdom or ignorance. Black served as the background, as if representing how darkness covered the earth. On the other hand, white represents light, the sacrifice of Jesus to save mankind or removal of darkness through Christ. The lines provide emphasis to the light which shined on Jesus Christ and the two murders. Moreover, the light seems to be descending from the heavens or from one light source because of the lines. On the contrary, ââ¬Å"The Last Supperâ⬠and ââ¬Å"Three Crossesâ⬠are similar, in the sense that both shows confusion among the crowd or apostles and Jesus Christ is the center or cause. Reference ââ¬Å"Art as an Expressionâ⬠. (2008) Retrieved June 1, 2008. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-56218927352437302652020-01-05T08:37:00.001-08:002020-01-05T08:37:03.098-08:00UAF, University of Alaska Fairbanks SAT, Financial Aid Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-55767840676602734072019-12-28T05:02:00.001-08:002019-12-28T05:02:02.501-08:00Benefits of Making Exercise a Habit in Your Life - 708 Words Introduction Adding exercises into oneââ¬â¢s daily routines can empower them and change their whole lifestyle. Many people look at exercise as a way for people who want to lose weight or to become muscular, but there are a great deal of benefits that can be received from exercise that you cant see up front, exercise helps to become more organized, help to live a better and longer life, and increases self esteem and empowers you to take on new challenges. Gaining muscle and losing fat are the two most important reasons that usually attract people to the gym, but those are only small benefits that are achieved with exercise. There are several ways that I have benefited in my life from exercising daily, besides just making me bigger and stronger. First Subtopic Exercise has a huge effects on the brain and it may be the best wonder drug of them all. Scientists are finding that exercise actually helps prevent mental decline as we age. Regular exercise will also create more brain cells This process is called neurogenesis. which will enhance memory, planning and organization skills, as well as the ability to juggle many mental tasks. Researchers believe if you exercise for at least 30 minutes on most days of the week can help keep your brain and blood pumping and sharp. Exercise improves how well the body can pump blood to the brain, helping it perform better. 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You choose fear. Just remember that every moment, every situation, provides a new choice. And in doing so, it gives you a perfect opportunity to do things differently to produce Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-10698117804155651552019-12-20T00:50:00.001-08:002019-12-20T00:50:05.260-08:00The International Trade Agreement With Costa Rica,... Introduction On August 2004, the United States signed the Central America Free Trade Agreement with Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, and the Dominican Republic. CAFTA is the first free trade agreement of its kind given that it is between the United States and smaller developing countries. The agreement encourages economic cooperation among these nations resulting in a stronger regional integration and contributing to greater stability. 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The Central American Free Trade Agreement started on April 1, 2006, when Honduras and Nicaragua fully implemented the agreement. On May 18, 2006, the Congress of Guatemala ratified CAFTA-DRRead MoreThe Dominican Republic-Central America-United Stats Free Trade Agreement1218 Words à |à 5 PagesRegional Trade Agreement (RTA) have remained fairly consistent. Along with the prospects of economic growth and development, countries aim to achieve economic and social stability, poverty reduction, and an increase in labor provisions. As with many developing countries, RTAs encounter a wide range of complications that hinder economic prosperity. In some cases, RTAs that are formed with good intentions by countries who seek growth come to have a negative effect on a country within the agreement. TheRead MoreGEA2000 REVIEW Essay example2065 Words à |à 9 Pagesstatements concerning the worlds most widely distributed language family is incorrect? Its many languages are mutually understandable (English, French, Spanish, Russian, Persian, Hindi) 7. A bridge language of national politics, commerce, and trade is known as a(n): Linguafranca 8. Which statement below best characterizes the concept of culture? Learned patterns of thought and behavior characteristic of a population or society. Or: Language is the essence of culture. 9. The downtownRead MoreThe European Union And The Trade Agreements Essay843 Words à |à 4 Pagesmore than 30 separate international trade agreements with many countries such as Colombia and South Korea (Encyclopedia of Management). The EU and the trade agreements entered into by member countries are examples of economic integration and cooperation. The benefits of joining an economic or trading bloc and reducing trade barriers can be plenty and they encourage countries to join them, and can be gained by all of the countries who are part in the economic integration agreement. Economic integrationRead MoreRole Of The United States On The Age Of Globalization1241 Words à |à 5 PagesINTRODUCTION This paper will examine the role of the United States in textile and apparel production in the age of globalization and will provide an overview of trade agreements enacted in the textile and apparel industry. A discussion of the different trade agreements and how the U.S. textile and apparel industry has been affected by those agreements will be given along with ideas about what the United States can do to continue to operate in the domestic market of textiles and apparel. HISTORY OF THE UNITEDRead MoreU.s. Trade Agreements And Trade Agreement1108 Words à |à 5 Pagesright side part of the figure represents the percentage of the United States exports of goods and services to trade agreement partners. The United States have agreed that the 20 Free Trade Agreement partner countries are the most important market for exports from U.S. Table 1 below lists top seven goods and services, industrial area classification and each of their exported value of goods and services in the dollars (in billions). Table 1 U.S. Goods Exports to FTA Partners-Top 7 Billion U.S. DollarsRead MoreInternational Trade Agreements And How Governmental Influences Benefited Trade1231 Words à |à 5 Pagesengaging in international trade agreements and how governmental influences benefitted trade. To regulate international trade between nations, international trade agreements exist. These agreements involve regulating imports, exports and international trade of some specialty goods. The United States have been involved in many international trade agreements including free trade agreements. Free trade Agreements (FTA) helps the United States to open up foreign markets for domestic firms. The agreements helpRead MoreBenefits Of A Free Trade Zone Between The United States And Six Less Developed Central American Countries2122 Words à |à 9 PagesChelsea Jorgensen INB 260 Debate Topic : Benefits of CAFTA When the Central American Free Trade Agreement CAFTA was passed, it created a free trade zone between the United States and six less developed Central American countries. The creation of a free trade zone would increase the standards of living for all countries involved by driving down production costs. By opening the markets, CAFTA aimed to create more economic opportunities to produce in areas where a country has a comparative advantageRead MoreU.s. Foreign Agricultural Production1492 Words à |à 6 Pages300 and in 2014 the employment was 2,138,300. Between 2004 and 2014 employment has increased by 26,900. The projected employment for 2024 is 2,027,700. Between 2014 and 2024 employment is projected to decrease by 110,500 which is 6%. Although international demand for crops and other agricultural products has increased, fewer agricultural workers may be needed due to consolidation and technological advancements in farm equipment. Overall in the U.S. the decline in workers is redu cing fruit and vegetable Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-52545768101728861832019-12-11T21:32:00.001-08:002019-12-11T21:32:03.249-08:00Platos Allegory of the Cave free essay sample Peopleââ¬â¢s perception on reality is not always true. Those are mistaken for ideas they believe is reality. This is what Platoââ¬â¢s ââ¬Å"Allegory of the Caveâ⬠was based on. According to the text, the prisoners are sitting in a cave, chained from their legs to their neck so they cannot move. The prisoners are watching images cast on the wall with fire blazing above and behind them. They cannot grasp true reality, which are shadows intentionally made by men. They were forced to have one idea; and if anyone tried to lead a prisoner to the light, they would be killed. A prisoner is soon set free from the chains and forced to watch everything from the outside. He needed much adjustment, but soon he had a much deeper view of reality. When he went back into the cave to explain his new outlook, he was rejected. Platoââ¬â¢s ideas of reality are similar to those of modern situations we have in todayââ¬â¢s society such as, childhood myths and fast food restaurants. The prisoners watch these scenes and believe them to be real because this is all they ever see. Even when they talk to each other, these shadows are all they talk about. Plato describes this as the stage of imagination. 2 One day a prisoner is freed from this cave and looks upon the fire and statues that were casting the shadows. The prisoner goes through a confusing period of pain and shock because of all the sudden exposure to light. The prisoner realizes that what he has Just seen is more real than anything else.He realizes how the stories they saw were Just shadows and copies of the real thing. Plato describes this stage in the cave as belief. After this the prisoner is taken outside the cave into the real world. At first the prisoner Is so confused that he only looks at the shadows. But then he realizes where he Is and slowly moves onto the reflections and finally towards the real objects. He sees that these are even more real than the statues and the fire and that the statues were only copies of this. Plato describes this as the prisoner reaching the stage of Hough.The prisoner has finally seen the real forms and starts to think about them. Up into the heavens and sees the sun. He understands that the sun is the reason the world looks like this and that it is the creator of everything that surrounds him. The sun is supposed to represent the Form of the Good and the Plato describes this as the prisoner reaching the stage of understanding. However, the prisoner cannot stay in the real world forever. He needs to return to the cave and help the other prisoners find their way to reality. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-5123215485194442019-12-04T09:14:00.001-08:002019-12-04T09:14:04.967-08:00Compare the representation of family relationships Essay Example For Students Compare the representation of family relationships Essay This suggests that as a child, Hamlet may have greatly resented having to share his mother with his father, wanted undisputed priority in her life. This would then have led to repressed desires to sexually posses his mother, and ultimately eliminate his father. For Hamlet, his father has already been killed by the start of the play. However there is still no chance for him to be able to now take the coveted position in his mothers life that he desires. Adding insult to injury is the fact that it is now his own fathers brother who had married his mother and filled the void. It is easy to see how this twisted scenario would create a confused state of mind, even regardless of the Oedipus Complex. The incest that therefore penetrates this family is key to Hamlets frustration. He see the relationship between Claudius and Gertrude as incestuous, indeed the ghost of King Hamlet calls Claudius that incestuous, that adulterate beast. Hamlet is likely to feel a desire to avenge his fathers death, and possibly also jealousy towards Claudius. An interesting scene is Act 3 Scene 3 where the ghost appears to prevent Hamlet from causing further agony to his mother. Or is it possible that he appeared to prevent his son from taking his wife? This scene also serves to show us that Hamlet does indeed idolise his father. When talking to his mother he likens him to Hyperion, Mercury, and Mars, assigning him qualities of leadership, grace and the traits of a true warrior. To him, his father is Blasting his wholesome brother (line 66). This loyalty for his father partly fuels his need to kill Claudius but his enduring procrastination shows something is not allowing him to do it easily. Contrasted with Laertes, whose father has also been wrongfully murdered, we can see that he has no such delay in avenging his father. The telling difference may be that Laertes has no mother figure in his life. The reason could therefore be, that Hamlet may realise on a sub-conscious level that he actually needs Claudius in his mothers life to prevent his own incest with her. On another level, Laertes feels that to delay revenge would be to claim himself illegitimate. Unlike Hamlet he has no fears that he may be a bastard, a concept which consumes Hamlets mind. The issue of fatherhood in the play is also an important one Hamlets father is obviously an absent figure, but he still strives to be his son. Although all he has of his father is memories, he constantly tries to resurrect him with words and images. In the opening scenes it becomes clear that Claudius now comfortable sits in his brothers old position, in every sense except that which allows him to be a father to Hamlet. He attempts to push his way into Hamlets life in the beginning, saying But now, my cousin Hamlet, and my son to which Hamlet sneers A little more than kin and less than kind. Hamlet needs to protect his father to assert his roots and masculinity, and therefore must kill this impostor father figure trying to replace him. This involves deciding between the two fathers, and this is not so easy for him as it would seem. King Hamlet is Hamlets link to an honourable, legitimate past. It is the only way he can find his place in the world with dignity. To fail to support his father would be accept Claudius and therefore the illegitimacy and deceit which come with him. .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .postImageUrl , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:hover , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:visited , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:active { border:0!important; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:active , .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ue4c8a68450054f32f0a2eb5e2c59dcbf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: The themes of love and loss in the poems "My Last Duchess", "Shall I compare thee", "Let me not" and "Porphyria's Lover" EssayThe statement which Hamlet makes, father and mother is man and wife, man and wife is one flesh (Act 4, Scene 3, Lines 53-54) is quite telling of his fears of their sexual relationship, but perhaps he also recognises that at present Claudius fills this position of his mothers husband and must be given due respect. It is Hamlets blurred notions of female sexuality from which flow a central theme in the play. Janet Adelman discusses the concept that the maternal womb is contaminated by sexuality, and is a devouring and suffocating presence. The symbolism of an empty womb may be synonymous for Hamlet with sexual acts, and may also threaten to force him to return to it. Throughout the play Hamlet struggles to escape from the maternal influence. Gertrude herself is not actually portrayed as particularly wicked or powerful, but it is her inaction to prevent the chain of events spiralling from her husbands death which cause Hamlet to think of her as such. This causes more problems for the disturbed Hamlet as he feels that his own body has been sullied by his mothers actions. He fears the contamination will spread to him, and this causes his rash and panicked actions. He is sure that id female sexuality is polluted and incestuous, he can no longer be certain of who he is, and certainly whose son he is. This conception of the Bastard child corresponds to A Modest Proposal. The narrator created by Swift also accepts the problem of the bastard child and feels that it is easier to kill (and eat) the child rather than marry the parents. An idea very prominent in Hamlets own mind when he says To be or not to be, showing he has thoughts of ending his life. Swift seems to promote to some extent the usefulness of children with no certain father, but limits this at being able to kill and eat them more easily. He encourages males to have children by numerous partners, anticipating none of the problems which Hamlet is experiencing to arise in Ireland. A very relevant difference between A Modest Proposal and Hamlet is the class difference. Marriage is essential in the higher nobility, such as Hamlet is involved in, and although affairs were obviously commonplace, they were much little discussed. In the lower classes marriage was not so essential to status, as they had little to start with, and so it was often disregarded. However this seemed not to have made much difference to the actual happiness of either situation presented. Swift, like Shakespeare, blurs the roles of members within the family, and shows us the importance of every part, and relationship functioning. Swift also writes A Modest Proposal as a warning to the Irish lower classes to protect their own, and the shocking consequences which may occur if they ignore him. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-62071885098862784722019-11-28T01:18:00.001-08:002019-11-28T01:18:02.972-08:00TOK Essay Summary Example For Students TOK Essay Summary Symptomatic for how human beings convince themselves of the truth, the man resorts to the ultimate authority: himself. What he sees must be true. Unfortunately that source of knowledge is erroneous. To avoid the well-known limitations of our perception, illustrated by optical illusions, other factors influence ones senses, and their ability to tell the truth. Although such things as the Sixth sense and other intuitions have been argued to exist, the term, senses, has a physical root. As mentioned, emotions tend to color our perception of the world. Like alcohol, love affects the physical aspects of humans. We will write a custom essay on TOK Summary specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Besides serotonin,13 other hormones have increased activity in the brains perceptive judgment centers. In context to truth, it shows interpretations of observations can be distorted by perspective and other factors, such as emotions. Synthesis of information from any source without this tool of knowing is hard. How would it be possible to reason if necessary observations of premises cannot be made; to hear authoritative accounts; have emotional sensations without touch? It is relevant to ask if it is at all possible to know the truth; when no ways of knowing are impenetrable to error. Before jumping to conclusions, one could attempt to limit the spectrum where truth occurs: Truth is limited according to some given parameters. 14 These truth factors, however, better eliminate false statements than point out true ones: They filtrate less qualified guesses from better. The pragmatic theory is a down to earth approach where truth extends from reality: if something works in reality, then its true. This goes with the method of science: A hypothesis is established and tested under observation, thus mounting in a conclusive acceptance/rejection of the hypothesis validity. The theory gets support from such examples, since it is true that it works in reality. Nevertheless, its basis is inductive reasoning and perception, which are no guarantees of the truth. Peter could test the hypothesis that his wife committed adultery. In favor of the proposition, it coheres/corresponds to observations from reality: Phone-calls, noises, etc. Truth, however, doesnt follow logically. To claim so is invalid because the secret calls could be related to something else. 15 Truth is transparent. Knowledge isnt solely justified by factuality, because such is not entirely justifiable. 16 The gap between certainty and the hardly quantifiable reliability of a knowledge claim has to be compensated for by conviction/faith. 17 Peter, therefore, is left with different knowledge claims to be justified/rejected, and with the task of defining the truth-spectrum. In context to the prescribed question, the likeliness that a tool of knowing will deliver one the truth is in the end dependent on ones belief. It would be rather nice to conclude that the most likely way of knowing the truth is through perception, since people tend to put greater faith in own observations and seeing is believing, but tend is not finite. Truth is defined individually be assigning a belief to a truth subject. Hence the most likely way of knowing the truth is the one in which the belief is the greatest: most often that is perception. Even with untrue dogmatism, beliefs are flexible in the long- run, so one should keep challenging ways of knowing to move closer to truth. By the way, Peters wife was innocent. 1 This is similar to that implied by the prescribed question. 2 Socrates once said that it is in human nature to desire the truth. 3 This will be discussed later. 4 In fact, emotions can distort the other ways of acquiring knowledge. 5 In this book, Big Brother deliberately appeals to peoples emotions, in order to make them behave in a certain way. This is commonly known as propaganda. 6A psychologist would probably agree that we are slow to confront erroneous intuitions and get rid of them. 7 Reasoning can either be of an inductive or deductive nature. 8 I was once told this little story by my grandfather, a farmer, which is an excellent example in support of this idea: I had a herd of chickens cute little animals which had come to rely on that I would feed them at a certain time each day. .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .postImageUrl , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:hover , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:visited , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:active { border:0!important; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:active , .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88 .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .ua49b5b16407df962a19aef0f8ed8ca88:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: TOk essay may 2009 topic 3Foolish of them to think that certain: Because one day I came with an axe instead of feed. Dont blind yourself. 9 Whether it is right or not to follow dogmatism is another question that arises, when knowledge reliance goes to such an extreme. 10 This book was written by the Nigerian author, C. Achebe. It is about how inflexible beliefs can bring about the downfall of man. Another knowledge issue. 11 Incas, Moslems, Buddhists, Christians, etc. 12Archaeologist exposed as fraud. BBC News, 2000. 2 Jan. 2008 ;http://news. bbc.co. uk/1/hi/world/asia-pacific/1008051. stm;. 13 Serotonin is often used in medicine as an anti-depressant hormone: It makes people look more optimistic at the world. Too much of it, however, is highly toxic same with emotions and perception. 14 Those parameters are summarized in Richard van de Lagemaats TOK for the IB Diploma (Lagemaat, Richard. Theory of Knowledge for the IB Diploma. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005. ). They are divided into three theories: The correspondence-, coherence-, and pragmatic theory. 15 From what I have heard, she is planning a surprise birthday party for the man, who is turning 40. 16 At least as far as human intelligence can grasp. Many things are beyond human understanding, which, for me, invokes humility faced with the immense everything. 17 In the end truth is formed by beliefs. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-78991679644561678972019-11-24T08:52:00.001-08:002019-11-24T08:52:03.475-08:00Odile Decq, French Architect for the 21st CenturyOdile Decq, French Architect for the 21st Century Odile Decq (born July 18, 1955, in Laval, east of Brittany in France) and Benoà ®t Cornette have been called architectures first rock and roll couple. Attired in Gothic black, Decqs nontraditional personal appearance fit well with the couples curious delight in architectural experimentation with space, metals, and glass. After Cornette was killed in a 1998 automobile accident, Decq continued their rebellious architecture and urban planning business. On her own, Decq continues to win awards and commissions, proving to the world that she was always an equal partner and a talent in her own right. Plus shes kept the funky look and black attire all these years. Decq earned a Diploma in Architecture from the Ecole dArchitecture de Paris-La Villette UP6 (1978) and a Diploma in Urbanism and Planning from Institut dÃâ°tudes Politiques de Paris (1979). She practiced in Paris alone and then in 1985 in partnership with Benoà ®t Cornette. After Cornettes death, Decq ran Odile Decq Benoà ®t Cornette Architectes-Urbanistes (ODBC Architects) for the next 15 years, rebranding herself in 2013 as Studio Odile Decq. Since 1992, Decq has maintained a relationship with Ecole Spà ©ciale dArchitecture in Paris as a teacher and director. In 2014, Decq was not intimidated to launch a new school of architecture. Called Confluence Institute for Innovation and Creative Strategies in Architecture and located in Lyon, France, the architecture program is built around the intersection of five thematic fields: neurosciences, new technologies, social action, visual art, and physics. The Confluence program, melding old and new topics of study, is a curriculum by and for the 21st century. Confluence is also an urban development project of Lyon, France, where the rivers Rhone and Saone join. Above and beyond all of the architecture designed and built by Odile Decq, the Confluence Institute may become her legacy. Decq claims to have no particular influence or master, but she does appreciate architects and their works, including Frank Lloyd Wright and Mies van der Rohe. She says ...they were inventing what they called the free plan, and I was interested in this idea and how you pass through a plan without having different articulated space.... Particular buildings that have influenced her thinking include Convent of La Tourette (Lyon France) by Le CorbusierLa Sagrada Familia (Barcelona, Spain) by Antoni Gaudà A concrete tower at the Jewish Museum (Berlin, Germany) by Daniel Libeskind Sometimes I am just impressed by buildings, and I am jealous about ideas expressed through these structures. Source of quotation: Odile Decq Interview, designboom, january 22, 2011 [Accessed July 14, 2013] Selected Architecture: 1990: Banque Populaire de lOuest (BPO) administration building, Rennes, France (ODBC)2004: L. Museum in Neuhaus, Austria2010: MACRO Museum of Contemporary Art, new wing, Rome, Italy2011: Phantom Restaurant, first restaurant in Garniers Paris Opà ©ra House2012: FRAC Bretagne, Museum for Contemporary Art, Les Fonds Rà ©gionaux dArt Contemporain (FRAC), Bretagne, France2015: Saint-Ange Residence, Seyssins, France2015: Confluence Institute School of Architecture, Lyon, France2016: Le Cargo, Paris In Her Own Words: I try to explain to young women that practicing architecture is really complicated and its very hard, but its possible. I discovered early on that to be an architect you have to have a little bit of talent and a maximum of determination and not focus on the complications.- A conversation with: Odile Decq, Architectural Record, June 2013, à © 2013 McGraw Hill Financial. All Rights Reserved. [Accessed July 9, 2013] Architecture, in a certain sense, is a war. Its a tough profession where you always have to fight. You have to have great stamina. I kept going because I started working as a team with Benoà ®t who helped, supported and pushed me to go my own way. He treated me as an equal, strengthened my own resolve to assert myself, follow my own inclination and be as I wanted to be. I also tell students and repeat at conferences that you need a good dose of recklessness to go down the road of architecture because if you are too aware of the difficulties the profession entails, you might never begin. You have to keep fighting but without really knowing what the fight is. Very often this recklessness is considered folly. Thats wrong; its pure recklessness ââ¬â something that is socially acceptable for men, but not yet for women.- Interview with Odile Decq by Alessandra Orlandoni, The Plan Magazine, October 7 2005[theplan.it/J/index.php?optioncom_contentviewarticleid675%3Ainte%0Arvista-a-odile- decq-Itemid141langen accessed July 14, 2013] ...stay curious all your life. To discover, to think that the world is nourishing you, and not only architecture, but the world and society around you is nourishing you, so you have to be curious. You have to always be curious about what will happen in the world later, and to be hungry for life, and to enjoy even when its hard work....you have to be able to take risks. I want you to be courageous. I want you to have ideas, to take a position....- Odile Decq Interview, designboom, january 22, 2011 [Accessed July 14, 2013] Learn More: Odile Decq Benoà ®t Cornette by Clare Melhuish, Phaidon, 1998Architecture in France by Philip Jodidio, 2006 Additional Sources: Studio Odile Decq website at www.odiledecq.com/; RIBA International Fellows 2007 Citation, Odile Decq, RIBA website; Odile Decq Benoà ®t Cornette - ODBC : Architects by adrian welch / isabelle lomholt at e-architect; ODILE DECQ, BENOIT CORNETTE, Architectes, Urbanistes, Euran Global Culture Networks; Designer Bio, Beijing International Design Triennial 2011 [Websites accessed July 14, 2013] Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-56862158870765437412019-11-21T07:01:00.001-08:002019-11-21T07:01:18.920-08:00BIA_LAB7 Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 wordsBIA_LAB7 - Essay Example The first step in developing a BCP plan is to carry out a business impact analysis (BIA). This will discover the companys most vital systems and processes and the cause at large on the business. Then do the following: File a series plan for the executive leader. Categorize backup employees to support the key emergency workforce. Guide backup employees to execute emergency responsibilities (FEMA, 2012). Work with at least two at each spot in your resources organization. Develop a comprehensive communication plan with top executives, and employees to be in touch with each other, customers, and the external world. Have an offsite crisis assembly place in the plan. Vary other means of communication in case the network and phone goes down. File the local emergency groupsââ¬â¢ (police, and firefighters) call information in the plan. Attempt to form partnerships with the neighboring emergency responders to establish a good working association. (Company and site). Perform emergency exerci ses and drills. Employees and executives should practice emergency response basics. Assess your companys performance during each test, and work to constant progress (FEMA, 2012). Continuity workout may certainly reveal weaknesses if done accurately. Test your routine plan often to accommodate and reveal changes. Personnel, facilities, and technology are in a stable state of flux at any organization. When the unanticipated occurs from accidental down time to a major tragedy the information and unexpected variables is what always hinders a fast recovery (FEMA, 2012). Business Impact Analysis is the base for any business stability program within an organization (Gibson, 2011). A BIA is obligatory in the making of a business disaster recovery plan. It allows the administration to identify its organizationââ¬â¢s most significant business and Information Technology (IT) activities. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-29903983614873927282019-11-20T08:10:00.001-08:002019-11-20T08:10:06.522-08:00How to deal with the prostitution Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 wordsHow to deal with the prostitution - Essay Example One reason states pass laws is to prevent and/or punish activities that are harmful. Decriminalizing prostitution would, in essence, be saying that it does not cause harm, and so is a private matter and not one the state can or should intervene in. Prostitution does cause harm, though, to the prostitute and to society as a whole. Prostitutes are at risk for assault, rape and other violent crimes (reference), sexually transmitted diseases (including HIV and Hepatitis C) and posttraumatic stress. (Destiny's End). Societal costs are difficult to measure, but include the spread of disease and effects on families. Prostitution is also linked to sex trafficking, and a recent State Department brief said that prostitution, "fuel(s) the growth of modern-day slavery by providing a faade behind which traffickers for sexual exploitation operate." Regulating prostitution does not prevent the harm it causes. Proponents of regulation say that regulation will prevent the spread of disease, make for safer working conditions and reduce sex trafficking and child prostitution. (Raymond). Criminalizing prostitution does have a negative effect on prostitutes because prostitutes, not the pimps or the johns, are the ones who suffer. Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-83670756167383881032019-11-17T22:42:00.001-08:002019-11-17T22:42:04.036-08:00Water Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 6Water - Essay Example PepsiCo controls the largest share of about 44% of U.S water enhanced market. In 2010, the growth went up to about 85%. In addition, a small share doubled in 2011. Its marketing strategy is similar to the vitamin water. It distributes its products in Walmart stores only and targets nationwide grocery. Its promotion campaign was featured in a skin suit in 2012 sports. Its prices are of the lower range of $4 per 20 Oz bottle 2. Smartwater is a premium bottled water brand that is a product of Glaceau Company. The brand tries to appeal to health conscious consumers and who want sports beverage that is nutrient rich and has low calories content. The product is electrolyte enhanced, and this gives it a competitive advantage over the tap water. Its main competitors are its cross brands that give the company a huge gain in the market. Companys sales over the past five years have been increasing steadily. Its campaign is using popular celebrities. Its market share is estimated to have been 45% by the year 2000. The company managed to again approximately 20% awareness of its brand within a year 3. The coca cola company brands vitamin water as enhanced water. In the market, it is the leading enhanced water brand. Its major competitors are the SoBe life water and propel zero products. In 2008, the growth of vitamin water rose up to 8.3%. By the year 2012, the product experienced an annual growth of 12% in the market. The company is predicting huge sales exceeding nine billion dollars due to its large market. Vitamin water distributes its products in Walmart stores only and targets major nationwide grocery stores. Its promotion strategy is ââ¬Å"meet your needsâ⬠campaign Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0tag:blogger.com,1999:blog-259932382362149050.post-49122334200990605382019-11-15T11:14:00.001-08:002019-11-15T11:14:11.908-08:00The Jnanas in MeditationThe Jnanas in Meditation Concentration, the ability to detach oneself from the environment and the attainment of insight and later on Nirvana are the reasons why students enrol themselves in meditation classes. Because of these, any one teaching meditation should pay special attention in helping and guiding the student in attaining these goals. In this end, the jnana can be used by the teacher to enhance the studentââ¬â¢s practice of meditation and lead the path to enlightenment and gaining inner peace. The Jnana: What is it all about? Jnana is a term that is used for most meditation practices, and can be found in other writings with varying spellings depending on the language being used. The term jnana that will be used in this module is from the Pali language. Other spellings of the word are gnana or gnaan in the Sanskrit language, or dhyana also in Sanskrit. Regardless of its spelling and language using it, the term is used to denote the presence of knowledge of an individual. This meaning is one of the most widely used in meditation centers based on various religious beliefs. The meaning of the word, which is knowledge, can vary depending on what context it is being used. Jnana and its context of knowledge revolves around an occurrence in the cognitive aspect of the individual where something is not just learned, but experienced by the individual. Because of this close association, the knowledge that the individual can gain from an event cannot be separated from his or her actual experience of it and it attached to the reality in which the meditator has experienced the learning. In some cases, it is also connected to a supreme being that is present in the material world (or the Mahesha-dhama) like Siva-Sakti. In Buddhist practices of meditation such as the Tibetan Buddhists, jnana is used to denote a state of awareness that is pure and free from conceptual disruptions and other forms of distractions. This is also used as a contradictory concept to vijnana, which is known as divided knowing. It is believed that when a meditator decides to practice and start practicing jnana and go through the Jnana or Bhimis, then that meditator may experience the presence of complete state of enlightenment and achievement of Nirvana. According to the venerable Mahasi Sayadaw, who is an authority in the Vipassana meditation in Buddhism, there are several nanas or knowledge as the person meditates. What the teacher must stress to his or her students is that these knowledge are to be experienced in stages chronologically. Also, it should be made clear that progression from one stage to another does not have a specific time frame since it can vary from being experienced for only a short period of time up to several years. The intensity in which these knowledge are experienced as also vary as well. The Jnana and Samadhi Aside from being used to gain knowledge related to the experience of things, the jnanas can also be used to refer to several states of Samadhi. This occurs when the meditator has learned to detach himself or herself from attributes of his or her mind in the quest to meditate better. When this detachment is attained, the mind of the meditator would become more stable and firm in the blocking of distractive thoughts and his or her ability to concentrate on the focus of the mediation will be improved greatly. Samadhi is the result of this increased concentration of the mind of the meditator practicing the jnana. As mentioned in the previous section, there are several levels of the jnana, and these levels can be applied in the practice of Samadhi as well. The term appana Samadhi is applied when the first to the fourth jnana are grouped together. This is especially true when the term is used by the disciples of the Buddha. The Use of the Jnana in Buddhist Traditions Jnana has been present in Buddhist literatures for a long time and it is mostly associated with any form of meditation. The first to the fourth stage of jnana are considered in the early Buddhist traditions as the right meditation. Because of this context in which it was used jnana has been associated mostly with the meaning it was given by the followers of the Buddha. In early Buddhist texts, it has also been found that the Buddha himself has engaged in the practice of the jnana as he was on his quest to find enlightenment. The practice of the jnana was used by the Buddha to this end because he learned that the meditation practices that he used were not particularly leading him to achieve the state of Nirvana. Prior to using the jnana, the Buddha has used other forms of meditation, but because these did not lead him to Nirvana, he became disillusioned. This has led him to recall a state of meditation he did when he was a child and followed it. In the Maha-Saccaka Sutta, it was mentioned that the Buddha has entered the first jnana and he called this the path to Awakening. If the Buddha himself did the jnana and used them in his quest for Nirvana, then the teacher must stress to students of meditation that indentifying and overcoming the obstacles to concentration is necessary before they are able to enter the stages of jnana. In the Upakkilesa Sutta, the Buddha was written to be saying that during the practice of meditation and the meditator starts doubting his or her capacity to carry on the meditation, the concentration would fall and the focus would be diverted. This is important to be avoided by the meditator through remaining diligent in keeping the focus of the meditation on the forefront of his or her mind and ensuring that attention is kept and not just the concentration. Because the Buddha has mentioned that the jnana is the path to achieve liberation and awakening, meditators should be encouragedto develop this as well if they are in the path to liberation and awakening as well. The Stages of the Jnana Pali has described all eight stages of the jnana in a progressive manner. Four of these eight stages are called rupa jnana or meditations or form, while the other four are called arupa jnana or the formless meditations. Rupa jnana is loosely translated to mean fine material jnana. The rupa jnanas are the stages of meditation in which the meditator experiences a deeper level of collectedness of thought and concentrarion. Moreover, each level of the rupa jnana have their intrinsic qualities which are derived from each other and can disappear. The first to fourth jnana are: The First Jnana. In this level of the jnana, the meditator experiences the presence of rapture, directed thoughts, pleasure, evaluation of thoughts, unification of the mind, mindfulness, presence of contact, feelings and perception, intention, consciousness, persistence, desire and attention. The Second Jnana. The second jnana is manifested by the presence of pleasure and rapture, unification of the mind, contact, perception and feeling, intention, desire and consciousness, persistence, decision and attention, equanimity and mindfulness. Also, in this level, there is the presence of internal assurance. The Third Jnana. This stage includes the feeling of equanimity-pleasure, contact, perception, feeling, intention, desire, consciousness, persistence, decision, mindfulness, attention and equanimity. The Fourth Jnana. The fourth level stage of the jnana is represented by the presence of an unconcern based on the presence of serenity of awareness; a feeling of equanimity, presence of unification of the mind and the other things that are experienced in the earlier stages of the jnana. Apart from the things occurring in each of the first to the fourth jnanas, there are qualities that remain specific to each stage. In the first jnana, there is the presence of subtlest forms of mental movement and the complete disappearance of the five hindrances. Moreover, intense and unified form of bliss remains and the personââ¬â¢s capacity to have unwholesome intentions stops. The second jnana is related to the cessation of all mental movements and the experience of bliss. In the third jnana, joy that is considered to be one half of the feeling of bliss disappears from the perception of the individual. And finally in the fourth jnana, happiness which is the other half of the feeling of bliss disappears and leading to the neutral feeling of neither pain nor pleasure. Also, it is said that this state renders the breathing of the person to temporarily cease. The arupa jnanas, of the formless meditation contains the other four stages of jnana. These states of the jnanas are written in literatures as formless or immaterial. This led this to be called as the Formless Dimensions in some translation and has helped in distinguishing it apart from the first four jnanas. Contrary to the other stages, these four are used to expand the presence of the concentration that is attained from the first to the fourth jnanas. Also, when the eight jnana has been attained, the meditator can experience enlightenment and complete dwelling in emptiness. The four jnanas in the arupa jnanas are: The Dimension of Infinite Space. In this dimension of the jnanas, the following qualities are removed from consciousness such as the singleness of the mind, perception of the dimension of the infinitude of space, attention, equanimity, decision, persistence, mindfulness, feeling, perception, contact, intention, desire, and consciousness. The Dimension of Infinite Consciousness. In this stage of the jnana, the following qualities of the mind of the meditator are eliminated like the perception of the dimension if the infinitude of consciousness, contact, feeling, unification of the mind, consciousness, intention, desire, perception, persistence, decision, attention, equanimity and mindfulness. The Dimension of Nothingness. In this dimension of the jnana, the perception of the dimension of nothingness, contact, the singleness of mind, perception, feelings, intention, desire, consciousness, decision, mindfulness, persistence, attention and equanimity are ferreted out from the mind of the meditator. The Dimension of Neither Perception nor Non-Perception. In this final stage and dimension of the jnanas, no qualities or characteristics of the mind of the meditator are to be ferreted out, instead, the individual experiences awakening. NOTE: The teacher would have to stress out to the student that although the two stages, the Dimension of Nothingness and the Dimension of Neither Perception nor Non-Perception are considered to be part of the jnanas that are described by the Buddha as part of the path to enlightenment, they are not part of the Noble Eightfold Path. This is because according to the Eightfold Path, the last is the Samma Samadhi or the Right Concentration. This is only part of the first to the fourth jnanas, and therefore considered to be just the start of attaining concentration. The teacher must therefore take his or her student through all the stages of the jnanas with the focus on the stage of having his or her perceptions and feelings cease to exist. E.The Nirodha-Samapatti In his path to attaining Nirvana the Buddha has made a discovery higher than the eight stage of the jnanas, or the dimension of neither perception nor non-perception. This is called the nirodha-samapatti, or the cessation of feelings and perceptions, and is sometimes considered to be the ninth jnana. The Jnanas and the Attainment of Insight Buddhist texts present the thought that if a meditator was able to progress into the ninth stage of the jnana or the stage of the nirodha-samapatti after going through all the eight stages of the jnana, liberation is attained. The meditator uses the jnana in an effort to rest the mind and to sharpen and strengthen it in the process. When this happens, he or she will be able to focus the attention into finding out the true nature of the dhamma and go on the quest to higher forms of knowledge. In this way, it can be said that the more time the meditator stays in the state of jnana, his or her mind becomes more powerful and sharper as a result. Moreover, because the presence of the five hindrances are controlled or suppressed for an extended period of time after the meditator enters the jnana, he or she will be able to feel clearer, will be full of compassion, mindful, and experience the feeling light and peaceful after meditating. Despite this positive results that the jnana brings to meditators, teachers should warn their students that they should not mistake this or assume for this to be the stage of enlightenment. What the teacher has to the student is that the practice of jnana alone cannot lead him or her to enlightenment, but it can help him or her suppress the presence of defilements that disrupt meditation. The meditators should use the jnana as a tool to develop deeper sense of knowledge and as a means to cultivate their insight on things which can help them to attain Nirvana. In the Theravada Buddhist tradition commentary made in the Visuddhimagga, the meditato is usually found in the state of post-jnana access concentration after he or she comes out of the jnana. When in this state, the meditator would be able to carry out the analysis and investigation of the true nature of phenomena and how they begin, develop insight into the characteristic impermanence of things and of suffering and the non-self. These things can only be experienced by the meditator if he or she practices the core concepts of the Buddhaââ¬â¢s teachings. If the Visuddhimagga has included that the practice of vipassana is done after the person emerges from the jnana, it is contradicted by what is written on the suttas. In these works, it is said that the meditator can practice vipassana and gain insight while in the jnana. In fact, it encourages the meditator to stay in the fourth jnana after entering it so that the presence of mental defilements are removed and uprooted before working to attain insight can be started. Mastery of the Jnanas A successful entry and attainment of the jnana cannot be achieved if the person would just progress from one state after the other only. This means that for the meditator to fully realize the jnanas, he or she would have to attain a mastery the present state he or her is doing first before wanting to go on to higher stages. This mastery will help the meditator to easily enter and leave the jnanas at will and experience them when he or she requires it. Another benefit of this is that it will avoid the confusion that can occur later on when the manifestations of a lower level of jnana shows itself in the higher states. The following aspects of jnana mastery should be included by the teacher in instructing and guiding as student meditator in to higher jnanas in the quest to attain insight, liberation and enlightenment. Mastery in adverting. In this aspect of mastery, the student meditator should be taught on how to advert certain factors of thejnanas especially when the meditator has just emerged from it. This, he or she should be able to do at will. Mastery in attaining. This aspect allows the meditator to quickly enter the jnana quickly. Mastery in resolving. This happens when the meditator is able to remain in the jnana for a certain period of time. Mastery in emerging. The mastery of emerging allows the meditator to emerge from a stage of jnana quickly and without any perceived difficulty. Mastery in reviewing. This occurs when there is an ability on the part of the meditator to review the jnana and other factors related to it while gaining knowledge in the process. References: Richard Shankman,The Experience of Samadhi an in depth Exploration of Buddhist Meditation, Shambala publications 2008 Venerable Sujivo,Access and Fixed Concentration. Vipassana Tribune, Vol 4 No 2, July 1996, Buddhist Wisdom Centre, Malaysia. Bodhi, Bhikkhu (trans.) (2000). The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A New Translation of the Samyutta Nikaya. Boston: Wisdom Publications.ISBN 0-86171-331-1. Henepola Gunaratana,The Jhanas in Theravada Buddhist Meditation. Pali CanonsAnguttara NikayaandDhammapada, by John T. Bullitt. Jhanas Advice: Information about the Jhanas from Tina Rasmussen and Stephen Snyder, authors ofPracticing The Jhanas: Traditional Concentration Meditation As Presented By The Venerable Pa Auk Sayadaw by Snyder, Stephen; Rasmussen, Tina. Shambhala: 2009.ISBN 978-1-59030-733-5 Jeffrey S, Brooks,The Fruits (Phala) of the Contemplative Life Phttp://www.blogger.com/profile/06443516853102990306noreply@blogger.com0